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Science Language Arts Social Studies History Before we get started, it’s time for a warm-up activity! You will have 10 minutes to read a passage and write a summary in your breakout room. LEWIS & CLARK Use your typing tool to summarize the passage in the space below. Hey! Hey! USA Let’s discover… EXPLORERS today! Materials For class each week you will need: • your SLASH notebook • a pencil • colored pencils or crayons • glue • your brain Vocabulary exploration: to go into or travel over for purposes of discovery or adventure. Vocabulary trade: the business of buying and selling items. Vocabulary conquistador: a leader in the Spanish conquest of America in the 16th century. Vocabulary Age of Discovery: marking the time in which extensive overseas exploration emerged as a powerful factor in European culture. Vocabulary theory: an explanation based on observation, experimentation, and reasoning. EARLY EXPLORATION What information can you gather about early North American migration from the graphic below? EARLY EXPLORATION What information can you gather about early North American migration from the graphic below? The Land Bridge Theory This theory claims that people migrated from Siberia to Alaska during the Ice Age. The first people to populate the Americas were believed to have migrated across the frozen Bering Land Bridge while tracking large game animal herds. EARLY EXPLORATION What information can you gather about early North The Solutreanmigration Theory American from the graphic below? New archaeological evidence suggests that North America was first discovered by Stone Age hunters from Europe. This hypothesis claims that Ice Age Europeans crossed the North Atlantic Ocean along the edge of pack ice that extended from the Atlantic coast of France to North America during the last glacial maximum. In the late 1400’s, trade became a growing business between Europe and Asia. Europeans wanted to find a shorter route to Asia and many explorers set off to try to find one. Top 5 Reasons For European Exploration 1 2 To find a new passage to the Far East for trade. To find gold, silver, precious gems and other valuables. 3 To claim new lands for their countries. 4 To convert people to Christianity. 5 For adventure. A few of the EXPLORERS who influenced early American history are… Leif Eriksson Around A.D. 1000, Eriksson sailed to Norway, where King Olaf I converted him to Christianity. On his way back to Greenland, Eriksson sailed off course and landed on the North American continent, where he explored a region he called “Vinland” (because the land was covered with wild grapes). After spending the winter in Vinland, Leif sailed back to Greenland, and never returned to North American shores. He is generally believed to be the first European to reach the North American continent, nearly four centuries years before (?-1020) Christopher Columbus arrived in 1492. Christopher Columbus Christopher Columbus was an Italian explorer who sailed across the Atlantic Ocean in 1492. He was commissioned by Spain to find a route to India in order to trade for spices. He made a total of four trips to the Caribbean and South America during the years 1492-1504. He is commonly described as the discoverer of the New World. Although Columbus was in search of a westward route to Asia by sea, the discoveries he did make were more important and valuable than the route he failed to find. (1451-1506) Amerigo Vespucci Amerigo Vespucci was an Italian explorer who was the first person to realize that the Americas were separate from the continent of Asia. On an expedition for Portugal in 1501-02, he mapped some of the eastern coast of South America, and came to realize that it not part of Asia, but a New World. America was named for him in 1507, when a German mapmaker, printed the first map that used the name America for the New World. (1454-1512) Would you join an exploration if… You had no idea where you were going or if you would get there? JUAN Ponce de León Juan Ponce de Leon was a Spanish explorer and soldier who was the first European to set foot in Florida. He also established the oldest European settlement in Puerto Rico and discovered the Gulf Stream (a current in the Atlantic Ocean). Ponce de Leon was searching for the legendary fountain of youth and other riches. (1460?-1521) Hernán Cortés Hernán Cortés was an adventurer and conquistador born in 1485 in western Spain. Cortes sailed with 11 ships from Cuba to the Yucatan Peninsula to look for gold, silver, and other treasures. Hearing rumors of great riches, Cortés traveled inland and discovered the capital of the Aztec empire. He killed the Aztec emperor Montezuma and claimed all of Mexico for Spain in 1521. Treasures from the Aztecs were brought to Spain, and Cortés was a hero in his homeland. Cortés was appointed governor of the colony of New Spain. (1485 - 1547) Would you join an exploration if… you heard the sea was full of serpents? Hernando de Soto De Soto was born in the Spanish province of Extremadura. In 1536, Spain granted De Soto the rights to conquer Florida and was named governor of Cuba in 1537. De Soto arrived on the west coast of Florida on May 30, 1539 with 10 ships carrying over 600 soldiers, priests, and explorers. They spent four years searching for gold and silver and exploring the area. De Soto died during the explorations and was buried on the banks (1500?-1542) Francisco Vasquez de Francisco Vásquez de Coronado Coronado (1510-1554) was a Spanish ruler, explorer and conquistador. He was the first European to explore North America's Southwest. With a group of hundreds of Spaniards he traveled through what is now northern Mexico and the southwestern USA (including Arizona, New Mexico, Texas, Oklahoma, and Kansas). Since he did not find gold, silver, or other treasures, his expedition was branded a failure by Spanish leaders. (1510-1554) Would you join an exploration if… there was a chance you might find gold, silver and precious gems? Henry Hudson Hudson was an English navigator and explorer who, sailing three times for the English and once for the Dutch, tried to discover a northern route to the Pacific coast of Asia known as the "Northwest Passage." He traveled up the Hudson River in 1609 and reached what is now Albany, New York. In 1611, after wintering on the shore of James Bay, Hudson wanted to press on to the west, but most of his crew mutinied. The mutineers cast Hudson, his son and 7 others adrift. They were never seen again. The Hudson River, Hudson Strait, and Hudson Bay are named for Henry Hudson. . (1565-1611) Robert de La Salle Robert Sieur de La Salle was a French explorer. 1n 1682, he was sent by King Louis XIV to travel south from Canada and sail down the Mississippi River to the Gulf of Mexico. He was the first European to travel the length of the Mississippi River. His mission was to explore and establish furtrade routes along the river. La Salle named the entire Mississippi basin Louisiana, in honor of the King, and claimed it for France on April 9, 1682. He also explored Lake (1643-1687) What adjective would you use to describe the explores we discussed today? How did these explorations have an impact on our country’s history? SLASH ASSIGNME NT Complete the Explorer notebook page and type up a summary of information about an explorer of your choice. THANKS! Please complete this week’s assignment before Friday.