* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download Alberta Reliability Standard Voltage and Reactive Control VAR-001-AB- 1a4
Telecommunications engineering wikipedia , lookup
Current source wikipedia , lookup
Electrical ballast wikipedia , lookup
Power over Ethernet wikipedia , lookup
Pulse-width modulation wikipedia , lookup
Power factor wikipedia , lookup
Power inverter wikipedia , lookup
Resistive opto-isolator wikipedia , lookup
Electrification wikipedia , lookup
Transmission line loudspeaker wikipedia , lookup
Electric power system wikipedia , lookup
Opto-isolator wikipedia , lookup
Three-phase electric power wikipedia , lookup
Variable-frequency drive wikipedia , lookup
Immunity-aware programming wikipedia , lookup
Power MOSFET wikipedia , lookup
Power electronics wikipedia , lookup
Buck converter wikipedia , lookup
Electric power transmission wikipedia , lookup
Surge protector wikipedia , lookup
Voltage regulator wikipedia , lookup
Power engineering wikipedia , lookup
Amtrak's 25 Hz traction power system wikipedia , lookup
Stray voltage wikipedia , lookup
Switched-mode power supply wikipedia , lookup
Electrical substation wikipedia , lookup
Alternating current wikipedia , lookup
Voltage optimisation wikipedia , lookup
Alberta Reliability Standard Voltage and Reactive Control VAR-001-AB-1a4 Final Forwarding Draft October 22, 2015 1. Purpose The purpose of this reliability standard is toTo ensure that transmission voltage levels, reactive power flows, and reactive power resources are monitored, controlled, and maintained within limits in real-time to protect equipment and the reliable operation of the Interconnection. 2. Applicability This reliability standard applies to: (a) the operator of a transmission facility; and (b) the ISO (c)(a) This reliability standard does not apply to the operator of a transmission facility whose transmission facility is a radial connection and has no controllable reactive power resources. 3. Requirements R1 The ISO must develop and maintain requirements for monitoring and controllingspecify a system voltage levels and reactive power flows within the transmission system, including consulting with each operator of a transmission facility and any transmission operatorrange with an associated tolerance band, as part of its plan to operate within system operating limits and interconnection in the development of such requirements. reliability operating limits. R2 The ISO and each operator of a transmission facility must develop, maintain, and implement procedures, for monitoring and controlling voltage levels and reactive power flows within the transmission system, including consulting with each other, any adjacent operator of a transmission facility and any appropriate transmission operator with an interconnection. R3 R1.1 The ISO must provide a copy of the system voltage range with an associated tolerance band to an interconnected transmission operator within thirty (30) days of a request. R2 The ISO must operate with sufficient reactive power resources available within Alberta to protect the voltage levels of the transmission system under normal and contingency conditions, including consideration of the transmission system’s share of the reactive power requirements of interconnections.. R3 The ISO must be able to regulate transmission voltage and reactive power flow by issuing directives or instructions to operate the devices necessary to do so. R4 The ISO must establish exceptions for specify the criteria that will exempt a generating unit or an aggregated generating facility from complying with directives: Forwarded to the AUCEffective: 2013510-0122 Page 1 of 6 Alberta Reliability Standard Voltage and Reactive Control VAR-001-AB-1a4 a) following a voltage or reactive power instruction or directive; a)b)having its automatic voltage regulator or voltage regulating system in requirements R5 and R8 which such exceptions are containedservice or being in Appendix 1 of this reliability standard. voltage control mode; or c) making any associated notifications. R4.1 The If the ISO must maintain determines that a list of generating units andunit or an aggregated generating facilities in Alberta that are exempt as set out in requirement R4. R4.2 Thefacility has satisfied the exemption criteria, the ISO must notify each legal ownerthe associated operator of a generating unit or operator of an aggregated generating facility. R5 The ISO, when issuing directives or instructions for voltage level or reactive power, to the operator of a generating unit and legal owneror the operator of an aggregated generating facility when any of its generating units or aggregated generating facilities are included on the list referred to in requirement R4.1. R5 The ISO, must issue directives or instructions to the operator of a generating unit and an operator of an aggregated generating facility which specify the following: ( a) the voltage level at the point of connection between the transmission system and a generating unit or an aggregated generating facility, including those in a power plant or an industrial complex; or (b) the reactive power to be achieved by the generating unit, aggregated generating facility, power plant or industrial complex. R6 The ISO must monitor the status of all transmission reactive power resources, automatic voltage regulators, voltage regulating systems and power system stabilizers. R7 Each operator of a transmission facility must monitor the status of all transmission reactive power resources, automatic voltage regulators, voltage regulating systems and power system stabilizers within its service territory. R8 The ISO, when notified by the operator of a generating unit of the loss of automatic voltage regulator control, or by the operator of an aggregated generating facility of the loss of voltage regulating system control, must issue a directive or instruction to the operator to maintain or change either its voltage or reactive power. R9 The ISO must be able to regulate transmission voltage and reactive power flow by issuing directives or instructions to the operator of a transmission facility to operate the devices necessary to do so. R10 The ISO must maintain voltage limits within the ISO’s established voltage limits by issuing directives or instructions to the operator of a transmission facility, to the operator of a generating unit or to the operator of an aggregated generating facility with respect to the following: (a) reactive power generation; (b) transmission line switching; (c) reactive power resource switching; and Forwarded to the AUCEffective: 2013510-0122 Page 2 of 6 Alberta Reliability Standard Voltage and Reactive Control VAR-001-AB-1a4 (d) if necessary, load shedding. R11 The ISO must plan for sufficient reactive power resources to support voltage under first contingency conditions. R11.1 The ISO must plan for reactive power resources to be available in locations within Alberta so that the resources can be applied effectively and as soon as reasonably possible when a contingency occurs pursuant to R12. R12 The ISO must, if an ISO-established interconnection reliability operating limit is exceeded or an ISO-established system operating limit is exceeded as a result of reactive power resource deficiencies, issue directives or instructions to correct the exceeded limit. R13 R6 The ISO must, after a review with the legal owner of a generating unit or the legal owner of an aggregated generating facility regarding necessary off-load tap changes for the step-up transformer that connects to the transmission system, provide documentation to the legal owner of a generating unit or the legal owner of an aggregated generating facility specifying the required tap changes, a timeframe for making the changes, and technical justification for these changes. R14 The ISO must, if reactive power resource deficiencies occur, issue directives or instructions necessary to prevent voltage collapse including directives necessary to reduce load. 4. Measures The following measures correspond to the requirements identified in section 3 of this reliability standard. For example, MR1 is the measure for R1. MR1. Evidence of developing and maintaining requirementsspecifying a system voltage range with an associated tolerance band as required underin requirement R1 exists. MR1.1 Evidence of providing a copy of the system voltage range with an associated tolerance band as required in requirement R1.1 exists. Evidence may include, but is not limited to, emails, website postings, or any other equivalent evidence. MR2 Evidence of developing, maintaining and implementing proceduresoperating with sufficient reactive power resources as required in requirement R2 exists. Evidence may include dated, in effect procedures including version history, consultation documentation, operator logs and, but is not limited to, data files. MR3 Evidence of operating as required in requirement R3 exists. Evidence may include studies, historical energy management system data or demonstrating the voltage limits used in contingency analysis are consistent with the ISO’s published voltage limitsany other equivalent evidence. MR3MR4 Evidence of establishing exceptions as required in requirement R4 exists. Evidence is included in Appendix 1. MR4.1 Evidence of maintaining a list as required in requirement R4.1 exists. Evidence may include a posting of the required list on the AESO website. MR4.2 Evidence of notifying entities as required in requirement R4.2 exists. Evidence may include email or mail to appropriate recipient that identifies contents submitted. MR5 Evidence of issuing directives or instructions as required in requirement R5 exists. Forwarded to the AUCEffective: 2013510-0122 Page 3 of 6 Alberta Reliability Standard Voltage and Reactive Control VAR-001-AB-1a4 Evidence may include voice recordings or operator logs. MR6 Evidence of monitoring as required in requirement R6 exists. Evidence may include real-time displays, operator logs or data files. MR7 Evidence of monitoring as required in requirement R7 exists. Evidence may include real-time displays, operator logs or data files. MR8 Evidence of issuing a directive or instruction as required in requirement R8 exists. Evidence may include voice recordings or operator logs. MR9 Evidence of being able to regulate transmission voltage and reactive power flow as required in requirement R9R3 exists. Evidence may include, but is not limited to, relevant ISO authoritative documents. MR10 MR4 Evidence of maintaining voltage limitsspecifying the criteria that will exempt a generating unit or an aggregated generating facility as requiredspecified in requirement R10R4 exists. MR4.1 Evidence may include voice recordings orof notifying the associated operator logsof a generating unit or operator of an aggregated generating facility if the ISO determines that the exemption criteria were satisfied. Evidence may include, but is not limited to, emails, data files or other equivalent evidence. MR5MR11 Evidence of planning for sufficient reactive power resources Evidence of issuing directives or instructions to the operator of a generating unit or the operator of an aggregated generating facility as required in requirement R11R5 exists. Evidence may include dated study results or project documentation. MR11.1 Evidence of planning for reactive power resources as required in requirement R11.1 exists. Evidence may include dated study results or project documentation. MR12 Evidence of issuing directives or instructions as required in requirement R12 exists. Evidence may include, but is not limited to, voice recordings or operator logsother equivalent evidence. MR6MR13 Evidence of providing documentation as required in requirement R13R6 exists. Evidence may include, but is not limited to, dated study results, or email or mail to appropriate recipients that identifies contents submitted. MR14 Evidence of issuing directives or instructions as required in requirement R14 exists. Evidence may include voice recordings or operator logsother equivalent evidence. Forwarded to the AUCEffective: 2013510-0122 Page 4 of 6 Alberta Reliability Standard Voltage and Reactive Control VAR-001-AB-1a4 5. Appendices Appendix 1 - ExceptionsExemptions Revision History Effective Description 2012-10-01 Initial release yyyy-mm-dd Revised to align with NERC version 4. Forwarded to the AUCEffective: 2013510-0122 Page 5 of 6 Alberta Reliability Standard Voltage and Reactive Control VAR-001-AB-1a4 Appendix 1 - ExceptionsExemptions 1. ExceptionExemption Criteria In order for an operator of aA generating unit or an operator of an aggregated generating facility to be exempt from complying with a directive issuedmust, in accordance with requirements R5 and R8order to meet the exemption criteria referred to in requirement R4 of this reliability standard: (a) the facility that is the subject of the directive must: (a) be a wind aggregated generating facility; (b) not be equipped with a voltage regulating system; and (c) be the subject of an executed Construction Commitment Agreement and have completed the ISO’s approval process for connection to the transmission system under the Technical Requirements for connecting generators (1999) ; or). (b) the exceptions set out in section 301.2 of the ISO rules, Directives must apply. Forwarded to the AUCEffective: 2013510-0122 Page 6 of 6