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Advances in Environmental Biology, 8(7) May 2014, Pages: 2461-2464
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Advances in Environmental Biology
ISSN-1995-0756
EISSN-1998-1066
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Chemical Composition and Identification of the Essential Oil of Tanacetum
Lingulatum in Iran
1
Shokooh Olamazadeh, 2Leila Amjad, 3Kahin Shahanipour
1
Falavarjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran.
Department of Biology, Falavarjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran.
3
Department of Biochemistry, Falavarjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran.
2
ARTICLE INFO
Article history:
Received 25 March 2014
Received in revised form 25 April
2014
Accepted 23 May 2014
Available online 16 June 2014
Key words:
Essential oils, GC/MS, Tanacetum
lingulatum.
ABSTRACT
Tanacetum genus is a rich source of bioactive compounds and is an important medicinal
plant. The present study was evaluated the chemical components of Tanacetum
lingulatum Boiss. Bornm. in Iran. The flowers and leaves of plant collected from
Isfahan province (Lashotor) and they were analyzed by using GC/MS. The 28, 19
compounds were identified in dried flowers and leaves, respectively. The major
components in flowers were: α-pinene (22.876%), 1,8-Cineole (21.472%), Sabinene
(17.902%), 2-Pyrrolidinone (7.196%), Camphor (6.794%), Bicyclo[3.1.0] hexane
(5.552%) and Camphene (3.473%). The major components in leaves were: 1,8-Cineole
(40.438%), α-Pinene (20.333%), Sabinene (16.258%), Camphor (6.824%), 2Pyrrolidinone (3.646%) and 2H- pyran-3(4H)-one, 6-ethenyldih…. (3.515%). In
conclusion, this result showed that Tanacetum lingulatum might possess potential
secondary metabolites that may be useful for treating a variety of diseases.
© 2014 AENSI Publisher All rights reserved.
To Cite This Article: Shokooh Olamazadeh, Leila Amjad, Kahin Shahanipour., Chemical Composition and Identification of the Essential
Oil of Tanacetum Lingulatum in Iran. Adv. Environ. Biol., 8(7), 2461-2464, 2014
INTRODUCTION
Essential oils are natural, volatile compounds characterized by a strong fragrance and are organized by
aromatic plants as secondary metabolites [3]. Essential oils are liquid, lipid soluble and soluble in organic
solvents. They used in many fields, including: aromatherapy, phytotherapy, spice, nutition and cosmetics [7].
They can be synthesized by all plants parts, such as flowers, stems, leaves, seeds, fruits, roots, bark or wood and
are stored in glandular trichomes, secretory cells, canals and cavities [3].
The chemical profile of the essential oil products differs in the number of molecules and the types of
molecules extracted, therefore, chemical profiles can vary in quality, quantity, climate, soil composition, plant
part, age and vegetative stage [3].
Medicinal plants have been extensively used in food, cosmetics preservation and medicine for many
centuries [6]. The genus Tanacetum belongs to the Asteraceae family. Tanacetum is a rich source of
bioactive compounds such as flavonoids, terpenes and sesquiterpenoids [4]. Tanacetum lingulatum Boiss.
Bornm. is an annual, biennial or perennial herb, sometimes shrub and is found in the central area of Iran [8].
Mohammadi et al., [4] reported that the Tanacetum lingulatum flowers ethanolic extract possess antiinflammatory and analgesic activity at concentrations of 100, 200, 300 mg/kg.
Tanacetum species are widely used herbal treatment for conditions such as arthritis, fever, migraine,
vertigo, menstrual disorders, toothache ect [9,10].
Although numerous species of the genus Tanacetum are widely known for their pharmacological properties,
there have been no reports on chemical composition of essential oil of Tanacetum lingulatum found in Iran.
Therefore, we report for the first time the chemical profile of flowers and leaves essential oil of Tanacetum
lingulatum.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Collection of plants:
The flowers and leaves of wild Tanacetum lingulatum Boiss. Bornm. were collected in June, 2013 in south
of Isfahan (Lashotor) in Iran. The plants were identified by Dr. Feizi, Research Institue of Agriculture, Isfahan,
Iran. The samples were separated and they were air-dried in shade at room temperature for seven days.
Corresponding Author: Leila Amjad, Department of Biology, Falavarjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran.
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Advances in Environmental Biology, 8(7) May 2014, Pages: 2461-2464
Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectametry ( GC-MS ) Analysis:
The chemical composition of the flowers and leaves essential oil was analyzed using GC and GC-MS. The
GC/MS analysis was carried out with an 20 Agilent 5975 GC-MSD system in research laboratory of Islamic
Azad University, Khorasgan Branch, Isfahan, Iran. HP-5MS column (30m × 0.25mm. 0.25mm film thickness)
20 was used with helium as carrier gas (1.2mL/min). GC oven temperature was kept 20 at 50 C2 B0C for 3 min
and programmed to 280 C2 B0C at a rate of 5 C2 B0C/min, and kept 20 constant at 290 C2 B0C for 3 min, at
spilitless mode. The injector temperature was at 20 280 C2 B0C. Transfer 20 line temperature 280 C2 B0C. MS
were taken at 70 20 eV. Mass ranger was from m/z 35 to 450. Head space GC-MS was used in this study. This
method can use plant dry matter for chemical analysis.
Results:
GC-MS analysis of flowers and leaves essential oil identified 28, 19 main compounds, respectively. The
results obtained in our study showed that major compounds of Tanacetum lingulatum flowers were: α-pinene
(22.876%), 1,8-Cineole (21.472%), Sabinene (17.902%), 2-Pyrrolidinone (7.196%), Camphor (6.794%),
Bicyclo[3.1.0]hexane (5.552%) and Camphene (3.473%). Other compounds were presented in amounts less than
3% (Table 1& Figure 1).
The major compounds Tanacetum lingulatum leaves were: 1,8-Cineole (40.438%), α-Pinene (20.333%),
Sabinene (16.258%), Camphor (6.824%), 2-Pyrrolidinone (3.646%) and 2H- pyran-3(4H)-one, 6-ethenyldih….
(3.515%). Other compounds were showed in amounts less than 3% (Table 2 & Figure 2).
Therefore, among the terpenes in flowers of Tanacetum lingulatum, the α-Pinene content was highest and
in leaves, 1,8-Cineole was highest .
Table 1: Chemical composition of Tanacetum lingulatum dried flowers.
Compound
Butanol, 3-methyl-,aceate
α-Terpinolene
α-Pinene
Camphene
Sabinene
β-Myrcene
α-Phellandrene
α-Terpinene
1,8-Cineole
γ-Terpinene
2-Pyrrrolidinone
Linalool
Bicyclo[3.1.0]hexane
Alloocimene
Cyclopentanol, 2,4,4-triethylIsopinocarreol
Campher
Pinocarvone
4-Methyl-1,6-heptadien-4-01
β-Fenchyl alcohol
2-cyclohexen-1-01, 3-methyl-6Bicycio[3.1.1]hept-3-en-2-one
Chrysanthenyl acetate
2-cyclohexen-1-one, 3,5,5-trimel
Myrcenylacetat
Sabinyl acetate
Cyclobutane, 1,2-diethenyl-3,4- diethenyl
1,3-cyclohexdiene-1-carboxaldehyde, 2,6,6-trimethylb
Rt(Retention time)
Rta
5.538
6.146
6.686
6.998
7.587
7.933
8.184
8.469
8.788
9.343
9.864
10.188
10.336
10.746
10.838
10.990
11.089
11.431
11.549
11.959
12.271
12.317
13.210
13.450
13.651
13.758
14.643
15.632
Content %
1.370
0.269
22.876
3.473
17.902
0.651
1.705
0.546
21.472
0.814
7.169
1.373
5.552
0.393
0.201
0.232
6.794
0.253
2.302
1.047
0.319
0.438
0.360
1.292
0.469
0.331
0.246
0.126
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Advances in Environmental Biology, 8(7) May 2014, Pages: 2461-2464
Fig. 1: Typical GC-MS chromatogram of Tanacetum lingulatum dried flowers ( Data is retention time for each
component).
Table 2: Chemical composition of Tanacetum lingulatum dried leaves.
Compound
α-Pinene
Camphene
Sabinene
α-Terpinolene
1,8-Cineole
γ-Terpinene
Trans-sabinene hydrate
2-Pyrroldinone
Trans-sabinene hydrate
2H-pyran-3(4h)-one,G-ethenyldih…..
Isoterpinolene
Camphor
Artemesia alcohol
Epoxylinalol
α-Terpineol
D-verbenone
Chrysanthenyl acetate
2-Cyclohexen-1-one, 3,5,5-trimet…
Pyrazine, (2a
Rt (Retention time)
Rta
6.674
7.017
7.579
8.465
8.781
9.347
9.530
9.838
10.172
10.321
10.739
11.070
11.541
11.617
11.959
12.332
13.214
13.480
13.651
Content %
20.333
2.984
16.258
0.469
40.438
0.260
0.914
3.646
0.553
3.515
0.209
6.824
1.188
0.374
1.065
0.236
0.209
0.268
0.256
Fig. 2: Typical GC-MS chromatogram of Tanacetum lingulatum dried leaves ( Data is retention time for each
component).
Discussion:
The GC-MS analysis showed that the major constituents of the essential oils examined in our study were:
monoterpens and sesquiterpenes.
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Shokooh Olamazadeh et al, 2014
Advances in Environmental Biology, 8(7) May 2014, Pages: 2461-2464
Afsharipour and mosaffa [1] reported that the essential oil of aerial parts of Tanacetum lingulatum
collected from Iran were: 1,8-cineole (18.60%) and Camphor (13.9%). Whereas, The results of our study
showed that the highest component of the flower oil was α-pinene (22.876%) and the leaf oil was 1,8-cineole
(40.438%).
Essential oils are heterogeneous mixtures of single substances, biological activity are primarily due to these
components in a intricate concert of synergistic or antagonistic activities. These compounds possess a active
molecular weight and active physicochemical properties [7].
Factors that determine the composition of essential oil are numerous. The quality and yield of essential oils
is impressed by the harvesting season, the PH soil, the stage of drying conditions, the geographic location,
choice of plant part or genotype and extraction method [11,5].
Therefore, medicinal plants growing in different geographical locations show a marked variation in active
ingredients during different seasons, these have environmental variables such as temperature and rain [2].
Conclusion:
Assessment between these results and the results of the other researchers showed differences in essential oil
compounds. Differences observed may be due to the different soil and climatic, different seasonal and
geographic conditions, different chemotypes and the nutritional status of plants, different distillation technique.
Overall, the results of this study confirmed the possibility of using Tanacetum lingulatum essential oil in the
pharmaceutical, food and aromatherapy.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
This work was supported by Islamic Azad University, Falavarjan Branch; the authors also thank Dr. Gheisari
from Islamic Azad University, Khorasgan Branch, Isfahan for their kindly aid.
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