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1 Teacher Answer Sheet Mesopotamia (Sumerians, Babylonians, Assyrians) Webquest Go to the following website: http://www.ducksters.com/history/mesopotamia/ancient_mesopotamia.php Or use the QR Code! Scroll down and answer the following questions: 1. Why is Mesopotamia often called the “Cradle of Civilization”? Mesopotamia is where some of the first large cities formed thousands of years ago 2. What does the word Mesopotamia mean? "the land between rivers" 3. What two rivers flow through or near the area of Mesopotamia? Tigris and Euphrates Rivers 4. What modern countries are located where Mesopotamia once thrived? Iraq, Iran, Turkey, and Syria 5. Why was Mesopotamia a great place for farming? The land is fertile and there is plenty of water for farming 6. What did the Sumerians invent? Writing and government 7. What were the Babylonians the first known people to do? The Babylonians were the first to write down and record their system of law 2 8. What type of society did the Assyrians create? Warrior society 9. What was at the center of each Mesopotamian city? A temple to the city's god called a ziggurat 10. About how long are Tigris and Euphrates Rivers? Both are over 1,000 miles long 11. In what city did historians and archeologists find most of the written history of Mesopotamia? Assyrian city of Nineveh Click on the Sumerians 12. When were the first cities and towns of Sumer created? Around 5000 B.C. 13. What did many of the Sumerian city-states do to one another? Fight 14. List several of the Sumerian inventions that changed the world? Writing, a number system, the first wheeled vehicles, sun-dried bricks, and irrigation for farming 15. What number was the Sumerian number system based on? 60 Click on Sumerian Writing and Cuneiform 16. What did the Sumerians write on? Clay tablets 17. What was the wedge shaped writing of the Sumerians called? Cuneiform 18. How did people sign documents in Mesopotamia? Personal seals made of stone, metal, or wood Click on Daily Life of Mesopotamia 3 19. How did life change in Mesopotamia with the start of Sumerian civilization? More jobs and opportunities for people 20. What groups of people were in the upper class? King and family, priests 21. What groups of people were in the middle class? Craftsman, merchants, and civil servants 22. What groups of were in the lower class? Laborers and farmers 23. Who typically owned slaves? How were slaves acquired? King, people in the upper class, captured through war or battle 24. What were most houses like in Mesopotamia? Mud brick rooms that had a couple of levels 25. List some things people in Mesopotamia did for entertainment? Music, sports, art 26. What was clothing like in Mesopotamia? It was made from sheep skin or wool 27. Who wore make-up in Mesopotamian society? Men and women Click on Art and Artisans 28. Pick two groups of Artisans and describe what they did in Mesopotamia? Answers will vary Click on The Ziggurat 29. What did ziggurats look like? Step pyramids 30. What were ziggurats used for? To practice religion Click on Great Cities of Mesopotamia 31. About how many people lived in Uruk at its peak? 4 80,000 people 32. Who was the famous king of Uruk? Gilgamesh 33. What city was the center of the Akkadian Empire? Akkad 34. About how many people lived in Babylon at its peak? 200,000 People Click on Science, Inventions, and Technology 35. What was the first major piece of literature in human history? Epic Tale of Gilgamesh 36. What was the wheel probably first used for? To make pottery 37. How many months did the first Mesopotamian calendar have? 12 months 38. What metals were Mesopotamian tools made from? Bronze 39. What did the Archimedes Screw allow? The screw can move water upwards Click on Religion and Gods 40. Who was the main god of the Babylonians? What did he have for a pet? Marduk, he had a dragon 41. Who was the primary god of the Assyrians? Ashur (Assur) Click on the Epic of Gilgamesh 42. What were some of the powers of Gilgamesh? Great strength, strongest person in the world 43. Who does Gilgamesh become friends with? Enkidu 5 44. What does Gilgamesh eventually learn about human beings? All human beings die Click on the Akkadian Empire 45. What person united northern and southern Mesopotamia? Sargon the Great 46. About how long did the Akkadian Empire last? 200 to 300 years 47. How did Sargon create the first dynasty? He made his sons his replacements Click on Babylonian Empire 48. What Babylonian leader united all of Mesopotamia? Hammurabi 49. What river was Babylon built next to? Euphrates River 50. How did Nebuchadnezzar II improve Babylon? He built a moat around the city for defense, the city and temples were improved 51. What were the Hanging Gardens of Babylon? A series of terraces covered in plants Click on Hammurabi 52. What is Hammurabi best known for? Hammurabi’s code 53. How old was Hammurabi when he became king? 18 54. How did Hammurabi improve Babylon? He focused on improving trade and peace through treaties, he created a powerful army 55. How long did Hammurabi rule? 43 years 6 Click on the Code of Hammurabi 56. What was the Code of Hammurabi written down on? The Code of Hammurabi was written down on clay tablets and etched into stone 57. How many total laws are in the Code of Hammurabi? 282 laws 58. Why is the Code of Hammurabi important? It is the first major document to have clear laws and punishements Click on Nebuchadnezzar II 59. What is Nebuchadnezzar II best known for? He is known for rebuilding much of Babylon and restoring it to its former glory. He also built the Hanging Gardens of Babylon 60. According to the Bible, what happened to Nebuchadnezzar II for seven years? He has insanity Click on Assyrian Empire 61. In what part of Mesopotamia did the Assyrians live? They lived in northern Mesopotamia near the start of the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers 62. What areas of the world did the Assyrians conquer? All of Mesopotamia and most of the Middle East 63. What did Ashurbanipal have built? Why are the ruins of this building so important in modern times? Great library, it tells us the history of Mesopotamia Click on Assyrian Army 64. What would the Assyrian Army do every spring? Start a battle campaign 65. What did the cruelty of Assyrians often cause? Rebellions 66. What was the greatest strength or weapon of the Assyrian army? Chariots 7 67. What material did the Assyrians use to make their weapons stronger? Iron 68. What did the Assyrians use to break into and destroy enemy cities? Battering rams and siege towers 69. What Mesopotamian Empire would you want to live in if you had to? Please explain why? Answers will vary 70. What grade would give the Mesopotamians for their impact on world? A B Please explain your grade! Answers will vary C D F