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Download Millikan`s Idea Robert Millikan was a scientist who studied electricity
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Millikan’s Idea • Robert Millikan was a scientist who studied electricity. • During the early 1900’s, scientists thought of electricity as a fluid. • They had the concept of CHARGE, but not of ELECTRONS! • Millikan set about to find out if there were ‘bits’ of charge Things Millikan Knew • Acceleration due to gravity • An object with a net force of 0 moves with a constant velocity • Droplets can be charged using x-ray’s • “Stokes’ Theorem” – mass of droplets • How to find the electric field between two plates Millikan’s Apparatus Millikan sprayed oil droplets into a chamber with charged plates at the top and bottom The droplets come out with a CHARGE on them They areThey attracted to one plate or the other are attracted to one plate or the other depending on their charge! Millikan’s Apparatus Millikan noticed that when he adjusted the electric field, some of the droplets would not move UP or DOWN. WHY??? Fg must be equal to Fe forces on an object WhatWhat do we knowact about these twoinforces? gravitational and electric fields? Equations Millikan looked at this using the equations: Fe Eq Fg mg He noted that droplets only stopped moving when the electric field was set to certain strengths. Eq mg mg q E What does this suggest? Electrical “Bits” • Millikan did many observations, collecting thousands of data samples for charge on oil droplets. • This experiment has been repeated by hundreds of physicists (and university physics students) with the same results. • Charge ONLY occurs in multiples of 1.6 x 10-19C