Download Basic Geography

Geography
101
• The four hemispheres of the world are
Northern, Southern, Eastern and Western.
• The seven continents are North America,
South America, Asia, Africa, Antarctica and
Europe, Australia.
• The four oceans are the Pacific, the
Atlantic, the Indian and the Arctic.
• The Northern and Southern Hemispheres
are separated by a line called the Equator.
• The Eastern and Western Hemispheres
are separated by a line that is called the
Prime Meridian.
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Also called Parallels and Latitude
Lines of Latitude run east and west.
Also called Meridians and Longitude.
Longitude run North and south
The Tropic of Cancer is 23 ½ degrees North
Latitude.
• The Tropic of Capricorn is 23 ½ degrees South
Latitude.
• The four main
cardinal
directions are
north, south,
east and west.
• The four
intermediate
cardinal
directions are
northeast,
northwest,
southeast and
southwest.
• On a map, the
symbol is a sign
or drawing
which stands for
something else.
The key/legend
is the part on
the map which
lists the
symbols.
• scale shows the
map in a smaller
size.
Key/Legend
^^^^^^^ = mountains
~~~~~~~-= rivers
:::::::::= desert
- - - - = equator
@@@= oceans
• A plateau is a raised area of relatively level land
• A tributary is a stream that flows into a larger
river.
• The Continental Divide is the Rocky Mountains
that separate rivers flowing toward opposite sides
of the continent.
• Mountain Range is a series of mountains and
peaks touching or in a line
• A strait is a narrow passage of water connecting 2 large
bodies of water.
• The Great Lakes are the worlds largest group of
freshwater lakes.
• The tropics is the area between the 23 ½ degree N and
the 23 ½ degree S. lines of Latitude where it is usually
hot.
• Plain/ Prairie land is a region of flat or rolling land
covered with grasses and good for farming
Channel
• A wide waterway connecting two larger
bodies of water.
Harbor
• A protected place on the coastline of a
sea, lake, or river, used as a shelter for
ships and boats.
• Hydroelectricity is
power generated
by moving water.