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* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
What’s the differences between climate and weather? ©CSCOPE 2009 1. 2. 3. 4. Discuss the questions below with your face partner Why is always cold at the north pole? Why is it warm year-round in cities near the Equator? Where in the world would you most like to live based on climate? How much does climate affect the quality of life? ©CSCOPE 2009 Earth’s Tilt and Rotation ► tilt-the slant of the Earth’s axis @ 23 ½ and pointed at the North Star tilt keeps some places from receiving direct sunlight ► rotation-day and night are created as each hemisphere rotates away from sun. Each rotation take 24 hours. Earth’s Revolution Earth travels in an orbit around the sun, completing one revolution every 365 days. Seasons are caused by Earth’s revolution around the sun & the Earth’s tilt. Seasons are reversed north & south of the Equator. The beginning of Spring is the day when daylight and nighttime hours are equal EQUINOX Weather v. Climate ► Climate is the temperature and precipitation in an area over a long period of time. ► Weather is the current temperature and precipitation in an area. ©CSCOPE 2009 Do you think that changes in the climate impact the 4 spheres (atmosphere, lithosphere, biosphere, & hydrosphere? (How and Why) ©CSCOPE 2009 Climate Regions ©CSCOPE 2009 1. 2. 3. 4. Discuss the questions below with your face partner Why is always cold at the north pole? Why is it warm year-round in cities near the Equator? Where in the world would you most like to live based on climate? How much does climate affect the quality of life? ©CSCOPE 2009 Latitude, latitude, latitude! ► In addition to rainfall, latitude is one of the most important factor that affects climate type. ► There are three latitude zones: Low Latitude- between 23 ½° N and 23 ½° S Mid-Latitude- between 23 ½° N and 66° N AND 23 ½° S and 66° S High Latitude- above 66° N AND below 66° S ©CSCOPE 2009 Important Lines of Latitude Arctic Circle 66° N Tropic of Cancer 23 1/2° N Equator 0° Tropic of Capricorn Antarctic Circle ©CSCOPE 2009 23 1/2° S 66° S Which places on Earth receive the most direct sunlight? How does this phenomenon affect their climates? ©CSCOPE 2009 Regions in the tropics receive the most direct sunlight. These regions are generally warm or hot year-round, depending on their elevation. ©CSCOPE 2009 Low Latitude Climates Latitude Range Description Amazon basin, equatorial Africa, East Indies, from Sumatra to New Guinea A canopy of tall trees with layers of shorter trees and plants underneath Heavy rainfall in all months, no difference in seasons 15° to 25° N and S India, Southeast Asia, West Africa, southern Africa, South America, north coast of Australia Grasses, short trees Warm year round, wet and dry seasons 18° to 28° N and S, centered on Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn Western North America (southwest U.S. southwest South America (Chili) north central Mexico, north Africa, southwest Africa, central Australia, north Asia (China, Mongolia) Scattered vegetation; short grasses and shrubs, cacti Warm or Cold, little to no precipitation year round Savanna (Wet and Dry) ©CSCOPE 2009 Description 10° S to 25 ° N Tropical Rainforest (Wet) Desert Location Mid-Latitude Climates Latitude Range Semiarid Humid subtropical Mediterranean ©CSCOPE 2009 Location Description Description Central areas of continents between 35° and 50° N Western North America (Great Plains); Central South America, Central Africa (Sahel) (Patagonia) Eurasian interior (Kazakhstan) Grassland, few trees Low precipitation year round, hot summers, cold winters Southeast coast of continents between 20° and 40° N and S Southeastern North America, Southeastern Asia, Southeastern Australia Coniferous/Deciduous (Mixed) Forests and grassland Warm, humid summer, and mild winters precipitation year round 30° to 50° N and S The Mediterranean basin, west coasts of California, central Chile, South Africa, western/southern Australia Shrubs, grasses, and mixed trees (Chaparral) Long, hot, dry summers, and mild, rainy winters Mid-Latitude Climates Latitude Range Humid Continental Marine-West Coast ©CSCOPE 2009 World Location Description Description 30 to 55 N and S, to 60 N in Europe North central North America; north central Asia (China); Korea; Japan; central and eastern Europe Mixed coniferous and deciduous forest Warm summer cold winters, moderate rainfall throughout the year 30 to 60 N and S West coast of N. America, west coast of southern Chile, and northwestern Europe Mixed coniferous and deciduous forests Cool summers, mild winters, high rainfall year round High Latitude Climates Latitude Range ©CSCOPE 2009 Description Description 50° to 60° N Northern North America and Eurasia Coniferous forests - taiga Extremely cold winter, short, cool summer 60° to 70° N Northern North America and Eurasia Short grasses, mosses, lichens, tundra Extremely cold and dry all year Sub arctic Arctic (ICE CAP) World Location Other Climates Latitude Range Found all over the world Highland ©CSCOPE 2009 World Location Mountain Ranges: Himalayas, Andes, Rockies, Alps, etc. Description Varies with elevation and location on mountain. Leeward side is drier with less vegetation. Description Windward side receives the most rainfall while leeward side remains dry. Belem, Brazil Kuwait City, Kuwait Calcutta, India Buenos Aires, Argentina Munich, Germany Saskatoon, Canada