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Chapter 1 Section 1
World Geography
Pg. 3
Themes and
Essential Elements
What is Geography
Geography is the study of
everything on Earth, from rocks to
rainfall to people and places.
 Study how the natural environment
influences people, how people’s
activities affect Earth, and how the
world is changing.
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Continued
Perspective – or the way a person
looks at something is important in
Geography.
 Landscape is the scenery of a place
including its physical, human and
cultural features.
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Continued
Two main branches: human
geography and physical geography.
 Human looks distribution and
characteristics of the world’s people.
 Physical looks at Earth’s natural
environment.

Who uses Geography
Use it to find places.
 Where to locate places (like
restaurants)
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Sub fields of Geography
Cartography – the study of maps
and mapmaking.
 Meteorology – the study of weather.

Geographers at Work
Many work for government
agencies. (U.S. Geological Survey)
 Business, where to place stores,
plan shipping and trucking routes,
and identify new markets.
 Schools – teachers

How do we study
Geography
Region – an area with one or more
common features that make it
different than surrounding areas.
 Defined by their human and physical
features.
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Types of Regions: 3 basic
ways
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1) Formal regions – has one or more
common features that make it different
from surrounding areas.
2) Functional Regions – different places
that are linked together and function as a
Unit.
Perceptual regions – regions that reflect
human feelings and attitudes.
Give examples of each:
The 5 themes and six
essential elements
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1) Location – deals with the exact or
relative spot of something on earth.
2) Place – physical and human features of
a location.
3) Human-environmental – ways people
and environments interrelate with and
affect each other.
4) Movement – involved how people and
things change locations and the effects of
these changes.
Region – organizes earth into geographic
areas with one or more shared
continued
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The 5 Themes may be considered
too broad. Geographers made 6
essential elements…..