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Mobile Multimedia
and
Multimedia Systems
Perspectives
Introduction
Wireless is moving into broadband:
- 3G, 4G mobile networks
- WLAN
- DVB-H
- WIMAX
How to make maximum use of
these systems?
Technology progress
Broadband wireless media technology
is behind the corner:
WLAN ONBOARD
3G ONBOARD
4G ONBOARD
ALL INTEGRATED ONBOARD
COMPLEX MEDIA SYSTEMS BEHIND
WLAN
Wireless networks
3G-4G
Mobile
WLAN
OTHER
IEEE 802.11a+b+g +n
Other
System reqirements
Operator wants efficient resource
management: transmission
coverage and cost
User wants minimized cost of
access and seamless operation
Seamless challenge
Seamless changeover (handover)
between the systems is technical
challenge
Heterogenous networks may not
be synchronised, even content
stream may not be identical (e.g.
different compression ratios)
Gateways and managers
The changeover problem can be
solved by embedding gateways on
the network side and/or managers
on the terminal side
Multisystem terminals for
3G+WLAN will have severe
limitations on power consumption
Handover requirements
Seamless means perfect stream
splicing
This can be done when streams
are aligned in buffers and
synchronized
In general time stamps and bitrates
may not be identical
Gateways and managers
DVB-H
NETWORK
GATEWAY
WLAN
TERMINAL
MANAGER
3G
In case of operator controlled networks gateway
ensures synchronization. In heterogenous networks
terminal performs synchronization and handover
FUTURE MOBILE SYSTEM
IS BROADBAND FOR MULTIMEDIA
IT SUPPORTS MULTIPLE NETWORK
TYPES (3G, WLAN, 4G….)
IT SUPPORTS MULTIPLE OPERATION
MODES: UNICAST, MULITCAST,
BROADCAST, MULTISTREAMING
THE SYSTEM IS IP PROTOCOL BASED !
MOBILE DATA BANDWIDTH
FUTURE MOBILE SYSTEM WILL
HAVE DATA BANDWIDTH IN
MEGABITS/SECOND
3G
- 1-10 Mb/s
4G
- 10-50 Mb/s
WLAN - 1- 100 Mb/s
THE FUTURE MOBILE SYSTEM
THE FUTURE MOBILE SYSTEM
ARCHITECTURE IS DEVELOPED
THE STANDARD IS CALLED IMS
(Internet Multimedia Subsystem)
It is developed as an extension of 3G
mobile standard (release 5,6) by 3GPP
(www.3gpp.org) and IETF (www.ietf.org)
THE IMS
The IMS is based on SIP protocol
This allows setup of most complex
multimedia sessions
The IMS basic idea
The basic idea of IMS is integration of
telephone CS (Circuit Switched) network
and IP network running in wireless systems
Radio access
in 3G. 4G
3G version
In USA
User capabilities in IMS
The IMS extends widely the capabilities of
current systems as regards the usage
of the system
User may have two types of addresses:
phone and Internet
Users may have multiple identities: work
and private in same equipment
Users may have multiple terminals with
different capabilities
Mobile IP – Short Overview
Key aspect of wireless networks is mobility.
Mobility is realized in cellular systems based
CS but it can be also realized in IP systems.
Here we provide short overview of IP mobility.
This does not mean it is realized in the IMS.
IMS can use standard mobility realized
in cellular systems.
Mobile IP Key Principles
The Wireless Internet is an IP-centric
& mobility-enabled network:
•IP addresses are used for all routing within the
core network
•IP protocols and technologies are used in the
control plane
•The network is functionally equivalent to a
traditional cellular network (especially with
respect to mobility and roaming)
Mobile IP Key Principles
IP Mobility focuses on Layer 3 of the core network:
Mobility functions are independent of the access
technology (2G, 3G, wire line, etc.) and the
underlying network transport technology (ATM,
Ethernet, etc.)
Mobility is based on the user, not the terminal:
•Users will have a single subscription in a home network
•Service Level Agreements (SLA’ s) must exist between
all networks users will roam in
Mobile IP Components
•Mobile Node (MN): laptop, mobile phone,
communicator,..etc
•Home Agent (HA): router of the home network
•Foreign Agent(FA): router of the foreign network
Mobile IP Components
(MN)
(FA)
(HA)
How Mobile IP works
Agent Discovery
Registration
Routing
Agent Discovery
1- HA’s and FA’s: periodically advertise their presence
on their subnets by broadcasting agent advertisements
2-MN Listen: Am I on my home sub net or I am
visiting some other subnet?
OR
1- MN sends an agent solicitation
2- Any agent on the subnet is forced to send an
immediate advertisement
Agent Discovery
•MN determines that it is connected to an (FA)
acquires a care of address
•Care of Address: and IP address given to the MN by the
FA
(exit point of the tunnel from HA to FA)
Registration
•MN recieved the care of address: register it with the HA
•HA creats a mobility binding table
•HA advertises reachability to the home IP address of MN
•Example: a device connected to the internet called corresponding
node (CN) sends a packet to MN, how it will reach MN?
CN
HA
FA
MN
•power down or go back to home sub net: MN will deregister
•HA reclaims MN through tunnel
IP Mobility:a lower level look
Visited Network
FA
Mobility
Manager
IPSec SA 1
Security
Gateway
Security
Gateway
Internet
Router
IPSec SA 3
Home Network
AAA+
Router
AAA+
IPSec SA 2
IPSec SA 4
User
Correspondent
Node
Security Associations
IPSec SA 1 - between security gateways
IPSec SA 2 - between AAA servers
IPSec SA 3 - between user/terminal and mobility manager
IPSec SA 4 - between user/terminal and correspondent node
Mobility
Manager
HA
IP Mobility Hand Over
Mobility
Manager
Router
Home Network
Security
Gateway
Security
Gateway
5
Router
2a
Router
Mobility
Manager
Router 9
6
10
AAA+
7
AAA+
DNS
Visited Network
2
Internet
LSF
4
Router
1
7a
3
Mobility
Manager
Security
Gateway
9a
9
11
Router
8
Router
AAA+
Serving Network
Correspondent
Node
Capabilities Of Mobile IP
User identity and Addressability
Signaling and packet routing
Authentication and Authorisation
Security associations
Mobile client functionality
IP industry compatibility
How Does It Look like?
Haroon@SubNet1 is at home.
Please ensure his data
comes here.
HA
FA
Internet Backbone
At home
Haroon@SubNet1 is in our CDMA network.
Please ensure his data
comes here.
FA
HA
Internet Backbone
On the road
How Does It Look like?
Haroon@SubNet1 is at work.
Please ensure his data
comes here.
FA
HA
Internet Backbone
Why certainly, we have an arrangement
with your Network operator. I can register
you with free run of the house wireless LAN.
Enterprise LAN
At the office
FA
Haroon@SubNet1 is in our hotel.
Please ensure his data comes here.
In a hotel
Internet Backbone
HA
Roaming in IMS
Usser can roam in the CS (circuit switched) and IMS in different
Combinations (being in CS directed to IMS and opposite)
IMS layered architecture
Acronyms in the IMS scheme
CSCF Call Session Control Function
PDF Policy Decision Function
BGCF Breakout Gateway Control Function
MRFC Mutlimedia Resource Function Controller
MRFP Multimedia Resource Function Processor
MGCF Multimedia Gateway Control Function
MGW Multimedia Gateway Function
SGW Signalling Gateway
SEG Security Gateway
SGSN Serving GPRS Support Node
GGSN Gateway GPRS Support Node
IMMGW Internet Multimedia Gateway
HSS – Home Subscriber Server
HSS has functions for CS and PS networks:
Home Location Register HLR with Authentication Center AUC
Signalling conversion in SGW
Protocols from IMS domain (SIP) have to be converted to the CS domain
IMS Architecture
RAN – Radio Access Network
SLP – Subscription Locator Function
UE – User Equipment
Some reference points:
Gm – connection of UE to IMS (for SIP)
Mw – connection between CSCF’s
Cx – subscriber and service data
Dx – connection to SLF (Sub. Locator Func.
Conclusion
IMS is a complicated system satisfying all
possible multimedia requirements
IMS will coexist with CS system
At some point in the future all-IP systems
may by used exclusively
MULTIMEDIA SYSTEMS
PERSPECTIVES
MULTIMEDA SYSTEMS
IREK DEFEE
MULTIMEDIA SYSTEMS INTEGRATE
ALL THE COMPONENTS DESCRIBED
IN THIS COURSE:
- SERVERS
- NETWORKS
- CLIENTS
- SOFTWARE
- CONTENT
MULTIMEDA SYSTEMS
IREK DEFEE
WHAT WILL BE THE FUTURE IN MULTIMEDIA
SYSTEMS?
WHAT IS HAPENNING RIGHT NOW IS THAT
NEW TECHNOLOGIES AND MULTIMEDIA
SYSTEMS ARE COMING ALL THE TIME,
ESPECIALLY IN THE MOBILE AREA
-TERMINALS
-NETWORKS
-SOFTWARE
MULTIMEDA SYSTEMS
IREK DEFEE
Historical development
• From mobile phone
to smartphone
MULTIMEDA SYSTEMS
IREK DEFEE
MOBILE PHONES EVOLVED INTO MOBILE MEDIA
AND SERVICE DEVICES
THEY CHALLENGE PHOTOGRAPHIC CAMERAS,
VIDEO CAMCORDERS, PORTABLE MUSIC
PLAYERS, GAME CONSOLES AND SERVICE ACCESS
DEVICES
MULTIMEDA SYSTEMS
IREK DEFEE
Heterogenous networking
From GSM radio network via Bluetooth to…
WIRELESS BROADBAND or…
From tens of kilobits to megabits per second
• 3G onboard
WLAN onboard
4G onboard
• ALL onboard
MULTIMEDA SYSTEMS
IREK DEFEE
•SO WE MAY THINK THAT MOST DEVICES
•WILL BE MEDIA DEVICES AND CONNECTED BY
• WIRELESS.
•HOW THIS MAY HAPPEN? IN THE FUTURE
•WE WILL HAVE HUGE RANGE OF APPLICATIONS
•AND SERVICES:
MULTIMEDA SYSTEMS
IREK DEFEE
WE WILL HAVE VARIETY OF TERMINAL
DEVICES....
MULTIMEDA SYSTEMS
IREK DEFEE
NETWORKING PLATFORMS WILL BE
INTEGRATING – ONE DEVICE WILL BE
ABLE TO CONNECT TO DIFFERENT NETWORKS
MULTIMEDA SYSTEMS
IREK DEFEE
HOWEVER, ALL THESE NETWORKS WILL
BE BASED ON THE IP PROTOCOL:
MULTIMEDA SYSTEMS
IREK DEFEE
•HERE WE MOVE TO IP PROTOCOL
•HERE THE BANDWIDTH GROWS
•HERE ARE DIFFERENT NETWORK TYPES
MULTIMEDA SYSTEMS
IREK DEFEE
From Telephone to Internet
Telephone network for speech
Internet for data and… everything
•WLAN
IP networking is the future
MULTIMEDA SYSTEMS
IREK DEFEE
New data transfer ways
From: person-to-person phone call
To: Data center-to-mass public
- TV
- Multicast Internet
•
•
•
•
3G MBMS
WLAN IP Multicast
Multimedia
Broadcast & Massive distribution of content is
possible rather soon
Multicast
MULTIMEDA SYSTEMS
IREK DEFEE
What is mobile device?
•
•
camera
camcorder
TV
radio
makeup device?
game
PDA
Swiss army knife?
MULTIMEDA SYSTEMS
IREK DEFEE
The Service Case: Mobile IPod
•
•
•
•
IPod,
Portable
Music
Player
Music Web shop
Mobile Music device
with hard disc
•
•
Mobile device is an IPod, and phone,
and much more….
MULTIMEDA SYSTEMS
IREK DEFEE
And the final destination...
• LONG IN THE FUTURE….
• TECHNOLOGY MAY BECOME INVISIBLE
MULTIMEDA SYSTEMS
IREK DEFEE
MULTIMEDIA SERVICES
MANY INNOVATIONS ARE POSSIBLE
IN THIS AREA:
- CONTENT, NETWORKING AND USER
NEEDS ARE IMPORTANT
- SERVICE IDEA IS NOT SIMPLE TO
GET
- PRESENT SERVICES: TV, VIDEO,
GAMES – they look traditional in a way
INNOVATIVE SERVICES
THEY ARE POSSIBLE BUT ONE HAS TO
HAVE INNOVATIVE IDEA.
HOW TO GET AN IDEA??? No rules for
this, one has to think about it
INNOVATIVE SERVICE
EXAMPLE
NEW SERVICES ARE POSSIBLE BUT
ONE HAS TO HAVE INNOVATIVE IDEA.
HOW TO GET AN IDEA??? No rules for
this, one has to think about it.
Example: service for fitness called iFit,
www.ifit.com
iFit service example
Service idea:
Many people are concerned with fitness and buy
specialized devices like fitness bikes and treadmills
• Treadmill is a substittute for running when
when it is cold, rainy or unsuitable surrounds
BUT, running on a treadmill is boring without
any new visual stimulation
SERVICE IDEA
Install display in the treadmill and show
running tracks in it
There will be new visual stimulation
making running less boring
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE IDEA
How to realize this, since users want new
tracks?
Solution: Use Google Streetview and maps
Users can design their own tracks then
BUT, running requires that the track
changes with the progress of running
How to do this?
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE IDEA
Solution: Built network connection into the
fitness device:
Wireless module inserted into device
Now the fitness device may send and
receive control signals about the speed and
Incline. Device operation is synchronized
with the running track
SERVICE IMPLEMENTATION
This service requires special fitness
devices compatible with wireless
connectivity – user has to buy it
Company charges monthly fee for providing
Web site which displays the track and
provides synchronization and tools.
THIS IS EXAMPLE OF INNOVATIVE
MULTIMEDIA SERVICE
•
CONCLUSIONS TO THIS COURSE:
•WE WILL SEE HUGE PROGRESS IN MULTIMEDIA
•SYSTEMS IN THE FUTURE.
•SYSTEMS WILL BECOME MUCH MORE COMPLEX
•NETWORKS WILL BE BROADBAND WIRELESS.
•INFORMATION WILL BE DOWNLOADED ONLY
•BY NETWORKS, PHYSICAL CARRIERS (LIKE E.G.
•CD) WILL BE DISAPPEARING.
MULTIMEDA SYSTEMS
IREK DEFEE