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ANCIENT
ROME
Roman Legion
• Divided into
infantry and
cavalry
• 5,000 Soldiers
• Every citizen
had to serve
for 10 years
Roman Legion
• Divided into smaller groups
of 80 men called a century
Roman Power Grows
• Roman power
grew slowly
and steadily
• Eventually
conquered all
of Italy
The Defeated People
• Rome was lenient to the
people they conquered
–They were allowed to
be full citizens if they
lived on the Tiber
–Those who lived
further away had
citizenship but could
not vote.
City- State of
Carthage
•Trading post established by
Phoenicians who called it
Carthage
•Carthage becomes an
independent state
•Grew to one of the most
powerful cities in the ancient
world until….
The Punic Wars
• Eventually Rome
and Carthage began
to fight over trade in
the Mediterranean
Sea
• They fought 3 wars
The First Punic War
264 BC-241 BC
• Fought over
Sicily for 23
years
• Carthage lost
• This was Rome’s
first province
The Second Punic War
218 BC – 202 BC
• Carthage was led by
HANNIBAL a brilliant
general.
• He used 46,000 men,
9,000 cavalry and 37
elephants.
• To surprise Rome he
went through the Alps
The Second Punic War
For 15 years,
Hannibal moved
across Italy
dominating
• Finally a Roman
general name
SCIPIO defeated
Hannibal.
The Third Punic War
149 BC -146 BC
• Cato an influential
senator reminded them of
the terror Hannibal laid
on Italy.
• By this time, Carthage
was no longer a threat.
• Romans destroy Carthage
and sold all of
Carthaginians into
slavery!
Rome In Control
• Victory in the Punic Wars
gave Rome control of the
Mediterranean
• Mare Nostrum or “Our
Sea”
Socrative Exit Ticket
• #3: Why were the Punic Wars important to
the Roman Republic?
• #4:
a. How many Punic Wars were there?
b. Who was involved in the Punic Wars?
c. Who was the general of Carthage, who
travelled with elephants?
Julius Caesar, the
dictator
• Ambitious military
commander
• Conquest of Gaul
• Secret crossing of the
Rubicon River
• “Veni, vedi, vici”
• Forced Senate to make
him a dictator for life
ASSASSINATION OF
CAESAR
• Caesar’s enemies worried he
would make himself king of Rome
and be too powerful
• Plot against him to save the
Republic
• 44 BC killed by Brutus and Cassius
in the Senate
EXIT
INTERVIEW
• SUMMARIZE THE
IMPORTANCE AND
IMPACT THE PUNIC
WARS HAD ON ROMAN
SOCIETY
(AT LEAST 5 SENTENCES)