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Europe’s Middle Ages 476-1400 (app) CE What happens when centralized rule disintegrates? In 2003, the United States invaded Iraq and deposed its dictator Saddam Hussein and his ruling apparatus. Let’s consider the impact this has had on Iraq and the challenges of creating a government that is in control. What is the impact on: Government Belief Economy Social Structure Impact of the Collapse of the Roman Empire By 476 CE, the Western Roman Empire was weak and overstressed. In that year, Germanic rebels murdered the Emperor. Although wealthy landowners maintained local power, slowly, parts of the empire broke up from invasion, and Roman cultural life disintegrated. What was Europe like during the Roman Empire? What was the impact of the collapse (476 CE) on: Government Belief Economy Social structure Impact of the Collapse of the Roman Empire Impact of the Collapse of the Roman Empire Impact of the Collapse of the Roman Empire Impact of the Collapse of the Roman Empire Roman Empire Western Europe during Middle Ages: Government: Centralized, Public No central authority: lack securitysmaller kingdomsprivate armies Belief: church-state divide Church has political, moral power; less tolerant; dominates art and education Economy: urban, exchange Exchange declineslocal production, return to barter, lack of new ideas Social Structure: Citizenship, universal law apply to all People seek protection/security and exchange rights (live in castes) What and when are the Middle Ages? Names A. Middle Ages: Between Rome and Renaissance, 476-1400 (generalization) B. Medieval C. Dark Ages (light=learning) Feudalism is a political system that: • Depends on mutual obligations between vassals and Lords (serfs, knights, nobility)—each caste has a legal obligation to the others. • Depends on land in exchange for service (agricultural production, defense) on a manor. • Power is privately controlled rather than by the public (rulers are not accountable to anyone). • Led to expansion of land as Lords needed to constantly reward others for service Differences between slavery, caste and class Caste: Social relations w/in caste, hereditary, judged as group member by law Class: Some mobility, birth shouldn’t matter, judged as an individual by law Slave: Belongs to owner (serf belongs to land, can’t be separated). Owner has little obligation Impact of the Collapse of the Roman Empire Impact of the Collapse of the Roman Empire Roman Empire Government: Belief: Economy: Social Structure: Feudalism is 1. 2. 3. 4. Caste: Class: Slave: Name_____________________ Western Europe during Middle Ages: Where and what is “The West”? A new economy of merchants and explorers develops in this area in the 1500s--the Renaissance imitates ancient Greeks and Romans. During the Renaissance, Greek ideas of “western” government, culture social structure expanded West with The Roman Empire (in red) colonization is finally divided. The Western half is Catholic. Origins of monotheism