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The Roman Army To examine the nature of the Roman Army and it’s soldiers What was the Roman Army? • It was the tool the Romans used to create their empire. • At first it was a parttime army made up of the better off Roman citizens. • When the empire grew the Roman Army changed The Roman Army • Because Rome soon took over other people’s land, the role of the Army changed and Rome had to become more resourceful in using recruiting soldiers to join. The Roman Army The Roman Army Legions Auxiliaries Numeri Legions • Each legion was made up of 5000 soldiers. • The Legions included foot soldiers, cavalry, engineers, surveyors – all types of soldiers needed to fight a battle and occupy the land. • As well as fighting, the army was expected to build roads, forts and camps. • Only a citizen could join and had to stay for 25 years! Auxiliaries • When Rome took over more land it needed more soldiers in the army. • Auxiliaries were made of men who were not Roman citizens. They would become citizens when they retired. • Archers from the Middle East, Cavalry and Infantry from Spain joined these units. The Numeri • Men from tribes outside the Empire could also join the Army as Numeri. • They helped defend forts on the frontier of the Empire a bit like the Auxiliaries. • Unlike the Auxiliaries they did not get any citizenship when they retired. Task 1. What were the names of the three types of soldiers that made up the Roman Army? 2. Why did this change occur? 3. How many years did a Roman Citizen have to join the Army for? 4. Which soldier would you have preferred to be? The Roman Soldier Task When the next slide comes up you will need to label your image of the Roman Soldier with the English and Latin names – make sure you get them right! The helmet is called a CASSIS The Tunic they wore underneath The spear is was their armour called CINGULUM the called PILUM – a soldier would have two of The breeches them were called the BRACHAEL. The sandals were called CALIGA The body armour is The scarf was called called the the LORRICA FOCALE SEGMENTIA The shield is called the SCUTUM The short sword was called the GLADIUS. There was also a dagger called the PUGIO. All that…and more! 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. A basket. Find space to Grain to last two weeks. include this on your sheet – Cooking pot. use the space A pick provided. An axe Two wooden posts Any personal possessions.