Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Europe Ancient Governments and Empires Ancient Government/Society • Greeks – Society • • • • • • • Originated from the Minoans and Mycenaean's City states called Polis Homer: Famous storyteller (Iliad and Odyssey) Olympic Games: Athletic Events to please Gods Athens (Thinkers) vs. Sparta (Warriors) Greeks vs. Persians Peloponnesian War: Athens vs. Sparta (winner) Ancient Government/Society • Greeks – Government • Began as Aristocracy (city states controlled by nobles) • Hoplite: New soldier that helped decrease noble power • Tyrants: Transition leaders that brought change (over time they grew brutal) • Popular Government: Idea that people should and could rule themselves (began in some parts of Greece) • Democracy: Govt. in which the citizens take part – Athens became one; not all places followed suit – It was only to those that were male full citizens Ancient Government/Society • Greeks – Philosophers • Philosophy: Study of reality and human existence • Socrates: One of the first, people should think for themselves, executed for his beliefs • Plato: Socrates student, founded a school called the Academy that taught the works of Socrates. Taught in dialogues. • Aristotle: Plato’s student, things should be studied logically . A lot of his works are used in modern science and medicine. Ancient Government and Society • Greeks – Philosophers • Pythagoras: World could be explained by math • Hippocrates: Founder of medical science • Herodotus: First western historian – Theater • Drama: Plays containing action, dialogue, emotion – Tragedies: Main character struggles against fate – Comedies: Made fun of people or ideas Ancient Governments/Society • Greek Empire – Alexander the Great • Son of Phillip II of Macedon • Conquered most of middle east, parts of Asia and Africa • Hellenistic Culture: Combination of Greek, Mediterranean, and Asian ways of life. • Greeks ruled this area for around 200 years. Ancient Government and Society • Romans – Society • Originated with Latin's and Etruscans – Government • Republic: Government where voters elect officials to run the state. • 3 Parts of Roman Republic – Senate: Most influential and powerful, $ and War – Magistrates: Elected officials (Controlled day to day) – Assemblies: Voted on Laws, watched over other 2 branches Ancient Governments and Society • Romans – Government terms used today • Veto: Refuse to Approve • Checks and Balances: Prevents one part of the government from becoming too powerful – Republic Growth • Rome won 3 Wars with rival Carthage (Punic Wars) • Rome began to get too big, republic was not working • Transitioned into the Roman Empire Ancient Governments and Society • Romans – Empire • Many different groups fighting each other for control • Julius Caesar: very popular, named dictator for life. Killed by people close to him (jealous senators) • Octavian: “Augustus” was a relative of Caesar, called himself the first citizen. Greatly expanded the size of Rome’s Empire. • Eventually the Roman Empire fell apart – Invaders (Goths, Vandals, Franks, Huns) – Political/Military Weakness, Economic Decline, Social Change Ancient Governments and Society • Franks – Empire • Next Empire after the Romans • Middle Ages/Medieval Period (400-1500) • Clovis: First King of the Franks, invaded into present day France • Charlemagne: Ruled from 768-814; built a huge empire that spread Christianity. Advanced the way of life throughout Europe. (Education, government, etc) • Fell apart due to his son (Louis) and invasions (Vikings)