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SPORTS INJURIES
I.M. Doctor, M.D.
My Office
My City, State
Sports Injuries - Outline
Sports Injuries - an overview
 Children and Sports

 When
to see the doctor
 Treatment options
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Sports Injuries - Outline
Boomeritis
 Preventing Sports Injuries
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 Children
 Adults
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What is an orthopaedic surgeon?
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MD or a DO who specializes in
treatment and health maintenance of
musculoskeletal system (bones, joints,
ligaments, muscles, tendons, cartilage
and spine)
What is an orthopaedic surgeon?
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The expert in treating the
musculoskeletal system
The expert in maintaining
musculoskeletal health
Educating an Orthopaedic Surgeon

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College
Medical School
Internship
Orthopaedic Residency
Fellowship (optional)
2 Years Practice
TOTAL
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4
4
1
4
(1)
2
16 years!
What do orthopaedic surgeons do?
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Diagnose
Treat
Medication
 Physical Therapy
 Exercise
 Brace
 Surgery
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Prevent
Sports Injuries
Simple precautions keep sports fun!
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Acute vs. Overuse Injuries
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Acute - sudden trauma such as sprains,
strains, bruises & fractures
Overuse - series of repeated small injuries
Children & Sports
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Children’s Sports Injuries, 2007
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Sport
Number of Injuries Requiring
Treatment Per Year
Football
556,928
Basketball
412,075
Baseball/Softball
276,733
Soccer
220,162
Playground Injuries
410,634
Children & Sports
Young athletes are NOT small adults!
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Children & Sports
Child
Adult
Growth plates are weaker than ligaments.
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Children & Sports
Youths of same age can
differ tremendously in size
and physical maturity.
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When to See the Physician
Inability to play
 Decreased ability to play
 Limp, loss of motion or swelling
 Visible deformity
 Severe pain
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When to See the Physician
Before Your Appointment
 Prepare to describe your symptoms
 Gather medical history
 Make list of medications
 Write down concerns and
questions and bring them
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When to See the Physician
During Your Appointment
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1.
Expect what from treatment?
2.
Treatment effect on daily activities?
3.
How to prevent further disability?
Treatment
R.I.C.E. – Rest, Ice, Compression and
Elevation
 Modify athletic activity
 Cooperation and communication between
patient, parents, coaches
and physician
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®
Boomeritis
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Born 1946 - 1964
More than 1 million sportsrelated injuries each year
®
Boomeritis
Exercise - key, but . . .
Bike accidents prevail
Mortality > children
< 50% wear helmets
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®
Boomeritis
tendinitis
bursitis
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sprains
strains
Treatment
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R.I.C.E.
Alter or stop sports activities
Physical therapy & medication
Surgery may be warranted
Preventing Sports Injuries
Kids should be well coached & supervised
Wear properly fitted, maintained &
appropriate protective gear
Play on safe surfaces
Children should train for their sport prior
to playing
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Preventing Sports Injuries
Know and abide by rules
 Wear appropriate protective gear
 Know how to use equipment
 Never “play through pain”
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Preventing Sports Injuries
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Be sure your child’s coach
is qualified to supervise
the sport
Preventing Sports Injuries
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Make Sure Your Young Athletes
Always Warm Up First!
Preventing Sports Injuries
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Skilled instruction
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Wear safety gear!
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Year-round conditioning
Stretching
Warm- up:
Break a sweat
 Marching
 Walk in place
 Jumping jacks
 Mimic the sport you
are about to do
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Stretching
Stretching:
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You should NOT feel pain
Hold stretch 30 seconds
Relax into the stretch
Stretching
Breathe deeply & slowly
Avoid bouncing
Stretch both right &
left sides
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Sports Injuries
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Common Sports Injuries
Ankle Sprain
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Ligament injury
Ankle pain, tenderness, swelling
Growth Plate Fractures in Children
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Ankle Sprain
R.I.C.E.
 Rehabilitation
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 Range
of motion
 Strengthening
 Flexibility
 Balance
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Plantar Fasciitis
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Microtears of
plantar fascia
Painful heel
Plantar Fasciitis
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Tape heel, arch
Orthotics
Stretch (calf and plantar
fascia)
Against wall
 On a step
 Plantar fascia stretch
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Plantar Fasciitis
Massage may be helpful
 Warm up well before stretching
 Ice heel, 20-30 minutes
 Anti-inflammatories
 Night splint
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Plantar Fasciitis
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Wear good, supporting shoes
Arch support
Avoid activities that cause heel pain
See your physician if pain persists
Tennis Elbow & Golfer’s Elbow
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Tennis Elbow & Golfer’s Elbow
Warm up, stretch before play
 Correct, maintained equipment
 Condition beforehand
 Evaluate play techniques to minimize
irritation
 Take a lesson
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ACL Injury
Direct blow to knee
 Non-contact injury,
with foot plant
 Landing on straight leg
 Making abrupt stops
 “Back seat” skiing
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Getting You Back In The Game
Name: Chris Klug
Age: 28
Injury: ACL
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ACL Tear
Normal anatomy
Anterior
cruciate
ligament
Hyperextension
Femur
Patella
Anterior
cruciate
ligament
tears
Tibia
Fibula
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Illustration reproduced with permission from The Body Almanac, Rosemont, IL
American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, 2003
Femur slips
ACL Tear - Women Athletes
Incidence of ACL much
higher among female
athletes
 Combination of causal
factors
 Neuromuscular
prevention programs
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Meniscus Tear
Helps knee joint carry
weight, glide, and turn
 Twisting injury
 Football and other
contact sports
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Meniscus Tear
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Pain
Giving way
Locking
Clicking
Swelling
Traumatic Shoulder Dislocation
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Traumatic Shoulder Dislocation
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Closed grip pull downs
Rotation exercises
Resistance exercises
Surgery
Shoulder Overuse Injuries
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Tendonitis
Throwing sports
Weight lifting
Use proper technique,
good supervision
Rotator Cuff Tears
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Acute injury
Overuse injury
Sports and occupations that involve
repetitive overhead motions
Stress Fractures
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Imbalance bone loss vs.
replacement
“Micro-cracks”
Pain
Overuse Injuries
Thorough history &
physical exam
 X-rays, MRI might be
needed
 Specialists in sports
medicine can be
particularly helpful
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Overuse Injuries
 Reduce intensity
 Warm up before
 Ice afterwards
 Work with a coach
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Overuse Injuries
10% Rule
Don’t Increase Activity
by More Than 10% Per Week
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Asking Questions About Surgery
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Why?
Alternatives
Benefits and for how long?
Asking Questions About Surgery
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Risks?
What is procedure called?
How is it performed?
Results?
Asking Questions About Surgery
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Duration of recovery?
Assistance at home and how long?
Disability after surgery?
Physical therapy?
Return to normal activity?
Sports Injuries
Sports are fun!
The goal is a pain and injury free
balanced fitness
program for all ages.
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Resources
American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons
6300 North River Road
Rosemont, IL 60018
www.orthoinfo.org
American Orthopaedic Society for
Sports Medicine
(847) 292-4900
www.sportsmed.org
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Sports Injuries: Prevention & Treatment
What are your questions and concerns?
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Sports Injuries: Prevention & Treatment
Thank you for participating today
 Remember, your orthopaedic surgeon can
help get you back in the game
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