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SPORTS INJURIES
I.M. Doctor, M.D.
My Office
My City, State
Sports Injuries - Outline
Sports Injuries - an overview
 Children and Sports

 When
to see the doctor
 Treatment options
2
Sports Injuries - Outline
Boomeritis
 Preventing Sports Injuries

 Children
 Adults
3
What is an orthopaedic surgeon?

4
MD or a DO who specializes in
treatment and health maintenance of
musculoskeletal system (bones, joints,
ligaments, muscles, tendons, cartilage
and spine)
What is an orthopaedic surgeon?


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The expert in treating the
musculoskeletal system
The expert in maintaining
musculoskeletal health
Educating an Orthopaedic Surgeon






College
Medical School
Internship
Orthopaedic Residency
Fellowship (optional)
2 Years Practice
TOTAL
6
4
4
1
4
(1)
2
16 years!
What do orthopaedic surgeons do?


Diagnose
Treat
Medication
 Physical Therapy
 Exercise
 Brace
 Surgery


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Prevent
Sports Injuries
Simple precautions keep sports fun!
8
Acute vs. Overuse Injuries


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Acute - sudden trauma such as sprains,
strains, bruises & fractures
Overuse - series of repeated small injuries
Children & Sports
10
Children’s Sports Injuries, 2007
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Sport
Number of Injuries Requiring
Treatment Per Year
Football
556,928
Basketball
412,075
Baseball/Softball
276,733
Soccer
220,162
Playground Injuries
410,634
Children & Sports
Young athletes are NOT small adults!
12
Children & Sports
Child
Adult
Growth plates are weaker than ligaments.
13
Children & Sports
Youths of same age can
differ tremendously in size
and physical maturity.
14
When to See the Physician
Inability to play
 Decreased ability to play
 Limp, loss of motion or swelling
 Visible deformity
 Severe pain

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When to See the Physician
Before Your Appointment
 Prepare to describe your symptoms
 Gather medical history
 Make list of medications
 Write down concerns and
questions and bring them
16
When to See the Physician
During Your Appointment
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1.
Expect what from treatment?
2.
Treatment effect on daily activities?
3.
How to prevent further disability?
Treatment
R.I.C.E. – Rest, Ice, Compression and
Elevation
 Modify athletic activity
 Cooperation and communication between
patient, parents, coaches
and physician

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®
Boomeritis


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Born 1946 - 1964
More than 1 million sportsrelated injuries each year
®
Boomeritis
Exercise - key, but . . .
Bike accidents prevail
Mortality > children
< 50% wear helmets
20
®
Boomeritis
tendinitis
bursitis
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sprains
strains
Treatment



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R.I.C.E.
Alter or stop sports activities
Physical therapy & medication
Surgery may be warranted
Preventing Sports Injuries
Kids should be well coached & supervised
Wear properly fitted, maintained &
appropriate protective gear
Play on safe surfaces
Children should train for their sport prior
to playing
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Preventing Sports Injuries
Know and abide by rules
 Wear appropriate protective gear
 Know how to use equipment
 Never “play through pain”

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Preventing Sports Injuries

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Be sure your child’s coach
is qualified to supervise
the sport
Preventing Sports Injuries
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Make Sure Your Young Athletes
Always Warm Up First!
Preventing Sports Injuries
27

Skilled instruction

Wear safety gear!

Year-round conditioning
Stretching
Warm- up:
Break a sweat
 Marching
 Walk in place
 Jumping jacks
 Mimic the sport you
are about to do
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Stretching
Stretching:
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You should NOT feel pain
Hold stretch 30 seconds
Relax into the stretch
Stretching
Breathe deeply & slowly
Avoid bouncing
Stretch both right &
left sides
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Sports Injuries

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Common Sports Injuries
Ankle Sprain

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Ligament injury
Ankle pain, tenderness, swelling
Growth Plate Fractures in Children
33
Ankle Sprain
R.I.C.E.
 Rehabilitation

 Range
of motion
 Strengthening
 Flexibility
 Balance
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Plantar Fasciitis

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Microtears of
plantar fascia
Painful heel
Plantar Fasciitis

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Tape heel, arch
Orthotics
Stretch (calf and plantar
fascia)
Against wall
 On a step
 Plantar fascia stretch

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Plantar Fasciitis
Massage may be helpful
 Warm up well before stretching
 Ice heel, 20-30 minutes
 Anti-inflammatories
 Night splint
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Plantar Fasciitis



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Wear good, supporting shoes
Arch support
Avoid activities that cause heel pain
See your physician if pain persists
Tennis Elbow & Golfer’s Elbow
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Tennis Elbow & Golfer’s Elbow
Warm up, stretch before play
 Correct, maintained equipment
 Condition beforehand
 Evaluate play techniques to minimize
irritation
 Take a lesson

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ACL Injury
Direct blow to knee
 Non-contact injury,
with foot plant
 Landing on straight leg
 Making abrupt stops
 “Back seat” skiing

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Getting You Back In The Game
Name: Chris Klug
Age: 28
Injury: ACL
42
ACL Tear
Normal anatomy
Anterior
cruciate
ligament
Hyperextension
Femur
Patella
Anterior
cruciate
ligament
tears
Tibia
Fibula
43
Illustration reproduced with permission from The Body Almanac, Rosemont, IL
American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, 2003
Femur slips
ACL Tear - Women Athletes
Incidence of ACL much
higher among female
athletes
 Combination of causal
factors
 Neuromuscular
prevention programs

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Meniscus Tear
Helps knee joint carry
weight, glide, and turn
 Twisting injury
 Football and other
contact sports

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Meniscus Tear

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Pain
Giving way
Locking
Clicking
Swelling
Traumatic Shoulder Dislocation
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Traumatic Shoulder Dislocation

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Closed grip pull downs
Rotation exercises
Resistance exercises
Surgery
Shoulder Overuse Injuries

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Tendonitis
Throwing sports
Weight lifting
Use proper technique,
good supervision
Rotator Cuff Tears

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50
Acute injury
Overuse injury
Sports and occupations that involve
repetitive overhead motions
Stress Fractures

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Imbalance bone loss vs.
replacement
“Micro-cracks”
Pain
Overuse Injuries
Thorough history &
physical exam
 X-rays, MRI might be
needed
 Specialists in sports
medicine can be
particularly helpful

52
Overuse Injuries
 Reduce intensity
 Warm up before
 Ice afterwards
 Work with a coach
53
Overuse Injuries
10% Rule
Don’t Increase Activity
by More Than 10% Per Week
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Asking Questions About Surgery



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Why?
Alternatives
Benefits and for how long?
Asking Questions About Surgery


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Risks?
What is procedure called?
How is it performed?
Results?
Asking Questions About Surgery

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Duration of recovery?
Assistance at home and how long?
Disability after surgery?
Physical therapy?
Return to normal activity?
Sports Injuries
Sports are fun!
The goal is a pain and injury free
balanced fitness
program for all ages.
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Resources
American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons
6300 North River Road
Rosemont, IL 60018
www.orthoinfo.org
American Orthopaedic Society for
Sports Medicine
(847) 292-4900
www.sportsmed.org
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Sports Injuries: Prevention & Treatment
What are your questions and concerns?
60
Sports Injuries: Prevention & Treatment
Thank you for participating today
 Remember, your orthopaedic surgeon can
help get you back in the game

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