Download How Have Conditions Changed 1900-2000

How Have Conditions Changed 1900-2000
1. ____ times as many adults are getting high
school degrees.
2. ____ percent of all American homes have
telephones, electricity, and a flush toilet.
3. Accidental deaths have decreased by ____
percent.
4. Wages in the manufacturing sector are ____
times greater.
How Have Conditions Changed 1900-2000
5. Average household assets are ____ times
greater.
6. The average workweek is ____ percent
shorter.
7. More than ____ percent of Americans have
at least one automobile, VCR, microwave,
AC, cable TV, washer and dryer.
How Have Conditions Changed 1900-2000
• The overall health, welfare and safety of
Americans has increased/made positive
progress.
• Statistics and data are critical to the science
of sociology.
THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Identify the problem
Review the literature (that already exists)
Formulate hypothesis
Develop a research design
Collect data
Analyze data
State findings and conclusions
ETHICS OF SOCIOLOGISTS
•
•
•
•
Show objectivity (not bias information)
Use approved research standards
Report findings and methods truthfully
Protect the rights and privacy of participants
1. SURVEY
• Questionnaires and interviews that require
direct communication with people
• GOAL = REPRESENTATIVE SAMPLE:
– A small group who represent a
larger whole
– PROBLEM = _______________________
– People who volunteer may offer different
opinions than those who don’t.
PERSONAL SURVEY
WHICH DO YOU PREFER?
2. CASE STUDY
• A ___________ ______________
of a particular group being studied or treated.
• Examples:
- Kitty Genovese
- Stanford Prison
Experiment
3. FIELD RESEARCH
• Research that takes place in a natural,
non-laboratory setting
– How are natural results different from laboratory
results?
– Example:
Justin Timberlake
4. PARTICIPANT OBSERVATION
► A case study where the researcher
becomes a member of the group being
studied.
He/she may inform the group of his/her role
as a sociologist or may keep that confidential.
Examples:
- Lars Eighner
- Ray Sprigle – White man posed as Black
in the South in the 1950s