Download Speech I – Chapter I

Speech I – Chapter I
Understanding Communication
What is communication?
 Communication – the
process of sharing
information by using
symbols to send and
receive messages.
 Is communication just
about talking to
people?
 How often do we
communicate?
Two types of communication
 Interpersonal
– Between 2 or more
people
 Intrapersonal
– Communicating with
yourself
Sending and Receiving Messages
 Communication always
involves the sending AND
receiving of messages
 If you are sending a
message, you’re called the
___________.
 If you are receiving a
message, you’re called the
___________.
 Communication must also
include feedback.
How are messages transmitted?
 Verbal Symbols
– What does “verbal” mean
and how do we send
messages verbally?
 Nonverbal Symbols
– What does “nonverbal”
mean and how do we send
messages nonverbally?
 All messages are
transmitted through
channels.
– Sound waves
– Light waves
Sending and Receiving Messages
 Look at the picture on page 5. What
messages are being sent by each person?
– Remember: Raise your hand for permission to
speak!
Nonverbal Message Activity
 2 volunteers
 Situation: Your boss told
you earlier in the day that he
wasn’t going to let anyone
else have vacation time.
You see your coworker
approach your boss to ask
for time off, what nonverbal
symbols would you send
your coworker to prevent
him from asking the boss for
vacation time?
How do we use communication?
 Meeting Social Needs
– Interact with others, show feelings, etc.
– Help people feel good about themselves.
 How does it make you feel when the teacher tells you
“Good morning!” as you walk in the classroom?
 Making Decisions
– By communicating with our friends, we can
exchange ideas and feelings that push us
towards making a particular decision.
 What is it called when your friends “help” you make a
decision?
Different Communication Settings
 Informal
 Formal
Informal Settings
 Talking with family and
friends
 Introducing people
 Talking on the phone
 Asking for directions
 Informal settings
usually require no
preparation
Formal Settings
 Interviews
 Speeches
 Debate
 Formal settings are
settings that you
prepare for ahead of
time.
The Communication Process
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
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Find ideas
Adapt to your Audience
Encoding and Decoding Information
Interpreting Feedback
Dealing with Interference
Adapting to your Audience
 What does the word
“adapt” mean?
 Adapting to your audience
is a way of customizing
your messages so that it is
appropriate for the
audience.
 We adapt to 3 different
things:
– Individual Characteristics
– Cultural Characteristics
– Sociological Characteristics
Encoding and Decoding Information
 What is encoding?
 What is decoding?
 The sender encodes his/her message, and the receiver
decodes it.
– Sort of like translating.
– I put my ideas in a form of symbols and expressions that my friend
would understand, and he receives those symbols and interprets
my ideas.
 What are some ways of telling someone that you’re
interested in what they’re saying, without actually saying it?
Interpreting Feedback
 When speaking with other people, we
expect to receive some sort of response
back from the audience. This response is
called feedback. It may be verbal or
nonverbal.
Dealing with Interference
 Interference – Anything
that gets in the way of
clear communication
 3 types of interference
– Physical
 Actual sounds
– Psychological
 Thoughts and feelings
– Semantic
 Words that trigger
negative feelings