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Speech I – Chapter I Understanding Communication What is communication? Communication – the process of sharing information by using symbols to send and receive messages. Is communication just about talking to people? How often do we communicate? Two types of communication Interpersonal – Between 2 or more people Intrapersonal – Communicating with yourself Sending and Receiving Messages Communication always involves the sending AND receiving of messages If you are sending a message, you’re called the ___________. If you are receiving a message, you’re called the ___________. Communication must also include feedback. How are messages transmitted? Verbal Symbols – What does “verbal” mean and how do we send messages verbally? Nonverbal Symbols – What does “nonverbal” mean and how do we send messages nonverbally? All messages are transmitted through channels. – Sound waves – Light waves Sending and Receiving Messages Look at the picture on page 5. What messages are being sent by each person? – Remember: Raise your hand for permission to speak! Nonverbal Message Activity 2 volunteers Situation: Your boss told you earlier in the day that he wasn’t going to let anyone else have vacation time. You see your coworker approach your boss to ask for time off, what nonverbal symbols would you send your coworker to prevent him from asking the boss for vacation time? How do we use communication? Meeting Social Needs – Interact with others, show feelings, etc. – Help people feel good about themselves. How does it make you feel when the teacher tells you “Good morning!” as you walk in the classroom? Making Decisions – By communicating with our friends, we can exchange ideas and feelings that push us towards making a particular decision. What is it called when your friends “help” you make a decision? Different Communication Settings Informal Formal Informal Settings Talking with family and friends Introducing people Talking on the phone Asking for directions Informal settings usually require no preparation Formal Settings Interviews Speeches Debate Formal settings are settings that you prepare for ahead of time. The Communication Process Find ideas Adapt to your Audience Encoding and Decoding Information Interpreting Feedback Dealing with Interference Adapting to your Audience What does the word “adapt” mean? Adapting to your audience is a way of customizing your messages so that it is appropriate for the audience. We adapt to 3 different things: – Individual Characteristics – Cultural Characteristics – Sociological Characteristics Encoding and Decoding Information What is encoding? What is decoding? The sender encodes his/her message, and the receiver decodes it. – Sort of like translating. – I put my ideas in a form of symbols and expressions that my friend would understand, and he receives those symbols and interprets my ideas. What are some ways of telling someone that you’re interested in what they’re saying, without actually saying it? Interpreting Feedback When speaking with other people, we expect to receive some sort of response back from the audience. This response is called feedback. It may be verbal or nonverbal. Dealing with Interference Interference – Anything that gets in the way of clear communication 3 types of interference – Physical Actual sounds – Psychological Thoughts and feelings – Semantic Words that trigger negative feelings