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Traditions and Change in East Asia Ch.27 objectives: Describe the changes and continuities in Chinese government Explain the changes in Confucianism Analyze changes within the Chinese economy Explain the process of unification in Japan during the Tokugawa Era Directions: Use the terms, names, and concepts provided to create a mind map of Early Modern China. What is a mind map? A mind map is a collection of ideas, terms, names, and concepts that are arranged in an orderly fashion to convey meaning. Directions: Use the terms/names provided to create a mind map based on Ch.27. Each term/name should be connected to at least one other term/name. An explanation of at least two sentences should be included between each connection. There should be an order to the arrangement of your mind map. Step #1 Your first task is to figure our where the story of Early Modern China begins. The Analects As teachings attributed to Confucius, the Analects were the basis of knowledge assessed during the civil service exams in China. These exams were used to find candidates to fill the larger centralized bureaucracies of the Ming and Qing governments. Civil Service Exams As a collection of Confucius’ teachings , the Analects include lessons pertaining to the ethic of xiao or filial piety. This concept was significant because in encouraged individuals to have respect for family members and leadership, thus creating social order in Chinese society. xiao The Analects As teachings attributed to Confucius, the Analects were the basis of knowledge assessed during the civil service exams in China. These exams were used to find candidates to fill the larger centralized bureaucracies of the Ming and Qing governments. Civil Service Exams As a collection of Confucius’ teachings , the Analects include lessons pertaining to the ethic of xiao or filial piety. This concept was significant because in encouraged individuals to have respect for family members and leadership, thus creating social order in Chinese society. xiao Ming Dynasty After collapse of the Yuan Dynasty Hongwu erased Mongol influence Study of Chinese cultural traditions Confucian Traditions Imperial academies and colleges Tightly Centralized state Great Wall project (Revived by the Ming Dynasty) 1550 miles long, 33-49 feet high Ming Decline & Collapse Chinese pirates are active Corruption, indulgence, and inefficiency led to their demise Powerful famines strike the Ming -Peasants suffer & rebel -Manchus from North take over the Forbidden City - Beijing Qing Dynasty (Manchu Rule) Pastoral Nomads Qing Dynasty (“Pure”) 1644-1911 Centralized State (Consolidate Tibet, Mongolia, China etc.) Kangxi Qianlong Conquest Outlawed intermarriage Qianlong on Chinese Trade with England Based on the reading on pg.736, respond to the following on your Ch.27 Critical Thinking questions and connections: 1. Use the letter to King George III as evidence to contradict the 2nd theme of the Early Modern Era? 2. What was the strongest factor motivating China to take this approach with Europe? “Son of Heaven” & Bureaucrats “Son of Heaven”: Heavenly powers to maintain order on earth (similar to divine right in Europe) Preparation for civil service exams Rigorous, competitive Result=wealth & status Christianity in China Matteo Ricci: Jesuit from Rome - - - Spoke Chinese Introduced science, literature, math etc…. Chinese convert for a short time Strong European interest Economic and Social Changes Filial Piety: Respect towards parents (Strong) Boys preferred over girls (female infanticide) Footbinding extremely popular Arranged marriages (Women could not divorce) Economic and Social Changes cont… Spanish introduced maize, sweet potatoes and peanuts population Technology slow down Silk, lacquerware etc…being traded Chinese trading in SE Asia (Silver) Gentry Working Class Peasants Artisans Merchants Mean People Slaves Indentured Servants Entertainers Prostitutes Beggars Boat People Making Christianity Chinese The wise take pleasure in rivers and lakes, the virtuous in mountains. - Confucius Unification of Japan The Tokugawa Dynasty 1500s - “Sengoku”: Country at war 1600 - Tokugawa Ieyasu unifies Japan (Bakufu) Strict rules for Daimyo (territorial lords) Holds daimyo’s families at Edo every other year Japan becomes isolationist (restrictive trading) Economic & Social Change With Peace came prosperity Cotton, silk, indigo & sake Population -Practiced population control Neo-Confucianism: Filial Piety, Native learning Shogun Daimyo Samurai Peasants Artisans Merchants Christianity & Dutch Learning Anti-Christian Campaign Death by crucifixion to European missionaries Japanese Isolationism Traded with Dutch Received ideas of the outside world Maritime technology, science, medicine, astronomy, literature Politics in Japan Tokugawa Shogun Entertainment & Pleasure Quarters Floating Worlds (Ukiyo) Arts in Japan (Japanese Renaissance) Part of urban culture Entertainment & Pleasure Quarters Floating Worlds (Ukiyo)