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Ancient China Dynasties and ages By Matthew Farner Neolithic China • 4000-2205 B.C. • Lived by farming around the Yellow River Valley. • Grew crops like millit, rice, and wheat. • Used stone tools for agriculture as well as weapons. • They raise livestock like cow and chickens. Bronze age • 2205-256 B.C. • Discovered the usefulness of bronze to make tools and weapons. • City-states are the basic of social and political organization. • As population increases battles over territory begin. Hsia (or Xia) Dynasty • 2205-1766 B.C. • Was previously believed to be legendary. • Legend says that this dynasty began when a man named Yu drained the waters of a flood. • He became the first king of the Hsia dynasty. Shang Dynasty • 1766-2205 B.C. • Shang dynasty overthrew the Hsia dynasty because the last Hsia king became corrupt. • Shang society begins to divide into lower and upper classes. • Begin to crumble under the stress of barbarian attacks from the south and east. Chou (or Zhou) Dynasty • 1050-256 B.C. • Chou dynasty divide into two sections: Western and Eastern Chou. • As population grows, the Chou people follow a social structure much like that found in Feudal Europs. Imperial China • 256 BC-589 A.D. • China is ruled by an emperor, who claims to have control over China. • This period experiences one of the most prosperous and culturally advanced dynasties. • Period ends in dissolution and disunity. Qin Dynasty • 256-206 B.C. • Overthrew the Chou Dynasty. • At 211 B.C the first emperor named Ch’in Shihuangdi, reunites the city-states. • The first Great Wall of China that went from the Pacific Ocean to the middle of Asia. Han Dynasty • 206 B.C.-220 A.D. • A central government is established. • Han dynasty is dived into two sections: 206 B.C.-9 Western Han and 25-220 A.D late or eastern Han. Three Kingdoms • 220-256 A.D. • Three dynasties in three • • • • different regions rule China. The Wei Kingdom located Northern China. The Shu Han. The Wu. The dynasties crumble under barbarian invasions from the North. Dynasties of the North and South • 317-589 A.D. • After the barbarians destroyed the three kingdoms they set up new dynasties. • They adopt the Chinese form of bureaucracy and court system in check. Sui Dynasty • 589-618 A.D. • The Sui Dynasty reunites China under one Empire, Wen-ti. • He takes control of the north and south and the Ch’en Dynasty. • A census is also taken for tax purposes. T’ang Dynasty • 618-907 A.D. • The T’ang government is well organized. • Cities become a place for the rising middle class and get more money. • T’ang emperors are tolerant and allow foreig influences. Five Dynasties Period • 906-960 A.D. • The dynasties held by the five generals do not last. Sung Dynasty • 960-1279 A.D. • T’ai Tsu uses a centalized army to take control of China. • Inventions were made example: Printing Press. • The barbarian and jurchen are hired to fight the Khitan Monguls. But the Jurchens turn on the Sung and attack from the north east. Yuan (Mongol) Dynasty • 1279-1368 A.D. • The Mongols are a set of tribes that live in North China. • Kublai Khan defeated the Sung Dynasty. • This Dynasty falls apart after 100 years. Ming Dynasty • 1368-1644 A.D. • The first emperor, Chu Huan Duagn, worked to remake the government. • Chinese trading markets do well. • This dynasty falls because government officials take advantage of the poor . Ch’ing or Manchu Dynasty • 1644-1911 A.D. • The Manchu leaders chose the Chinese style of government to rule their empire. • Chinese merchants and the Chinese government refuse to trade with the west. Ancient China Facts • Calligraphy, poetry, and painting were known as the “Three Perfections” • By 8000 B.C. people living along rivers because of the rich soil for agriculture. • The oldest known Chinese works of art include pottery and carved jades from 5000 B.C. Questions and answers • Q. How would they have a Emperor? • A. If someone took over China they would be the Emperor. • Q. What kind of clothes did they wear? • A. They would wear tunies or t-shirts women wore long tunies. They would wear padded jackets in the winter. Bibliography • Arthur Cotterell. Ancient China. London: Dorling Kindersley Limited 1994. • Dale Anderson. Ancient China In Art. Reed Elsevier, Inc. Chicago, Illinois 2005. • World Book. The World Book Encyclopedia Volume 3, 1999:C-Ch. • “Ancient China Timeline.” Events of Ancient Civilization, 2002,Pg54 4th P.