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CHAPTER 9 GROWTH OF A NATION Chapter 9 – Growth of a Nation pp. 163-165 • Triumphs for the _________________ • Came to power in the election of 1800 • favored a limited central government • viewed Jefferson’s victory as one for the _____________ man • Thomas Jefferson was the first President to be inaugurated in ________________ the nation’s new capital. Chapter 9 – Growth of a Nation pp. 163-165 • Reversing ______________ Policies • overturned the Alien and Sedition Acts • opposed a standing army and navy • repealed the Judiciary Act of 1801 • Many midnight judges never served. • challenged several sitting Federalist judges based on political differences Chapter 9 – Growth of a Nation • Sought to ____________ Federalist judges • defeated in his attempt to remove Samuel Chase from the Supreme Court pp. 163-165 Chapter 9 – Growth of a Nation • Conquering the _____________ Pirates • They demanded annual tribute in order to trade in the Mediterranean. • They raised the annual _____________ and Jefferson refused to pay. pp. 163-165 Chapter 9 – Growth of a Nation pp. 165-169 • The ___________________________ • Jefferson sought to buy New Orleans and East and West Florida from France (led by Napoleon). • French foreign minister Talleyrand countered by offering the entire Louisiana Territory. Chapter 9 – Growth of a Nation • Benefits of the Louisiana Territory • nearly ___________ the size of the United States • added ___________ (raw materials, minerals, agricultural products) • land for Indians pp. 165-169 • ______________________ had gone beyond his original instructions when he bought the Louisiana Territory. • Jefferson hesitated briefly before sending the money because the ___________________ did not give the power to purchase land for the nation. Chapter 9 – Growth of a Nation pp. 165-169 • The ____________________________ • purpose • make careful studies on the geology, botany, and zoology of the region • gather information on natives they met • search for the source of the Missouri River Chapter 9 – Growth of a Nation • report on any commercial possibilities • seek evidence of British soldiers or forts • Indian guide and interpreter: _____________________ • accomplishments • discovered countless plants, animals (including the grizzly bear), and Indian tribes • spurred interest in the West pp. 165-169 Chapter 9 – Growth of a Nation • The ___________ Expedition • First expedition: searched for the source of the Mississippi • Second expedition: explored Spanish-held territories • Explored the Rockies and the Rio Grande pp. 165-169 • _____________________ • Vice-president in 1800 • Killed Alexander Hamilton in a duel • Tried to set up an empire in Louisiana and planned on setting up an empire in Mexico • Charged with treason, never convicted • Died in disgrace Chapter 9 – Growth of a Nation pp. 169-172 • Neutral Rights at Sea • Great Britain and France were at war and the United States sought to capitalize economically by trading with both. • The war developed into a stalemate, so both countries attempted to destroy the other’s economy. Chapter 9 – Growth of a Nation pp. 169-172 • British and French Actions • ____________________: forbade any neutral nation from trading in Europe without first being inspected by Great Britain Chapter 9 – Growth of a Nation pp. 169-172 • ____________________ Decrees: threatened seizure of any neutral ships trading with Great Britain or abiding by the Orders in Council Chapter 9 – Growth of a Nation pp. 169-172 • The _______________and the _______________ • British sailors were deserting and some were joining the U.S. Navy. • The H.M.S. Leopard attempted to search the U.S.S. Chesapeake for deserters (impressment) and fired on it when refused. • Created tension Chapter 9 – Growth of a Nation pp. 169-172 • The ________________________ • Jefferson responded not by war, but through an embargo. • embargo: a stop on all exports from the United States, prohibited free trade with Europe Chapter 9 – Growth of a Nation pp. 169-172 • ________________________ Act • partially lifted the embargo and only restricted trade with France and Great Britain Chapter 9 – Growth of a Nation pp. 169-172 • Indian Stirrings • American settlers in Indiana came under repeated Indian attacks, which they blamed on the English and the Canadians. • Actually, Americans had treated the Indians unfairly with treaties that took away Indian land. Chapter 9 – Growth of a Nation pp. 169-172 • __________________: organized Indian tribes into a confederation in order to stop America’s westward expansion • _______________________: “the hero of Tippecanoe” • Defeated Tecumseh at Tippecanoe Chapter 9 – Growth of a Nation • The _______________ • central issues that aroused thoughts of war • impressment • neutral rights at sea • British interference with Indians along the American frontier pp. 173-177 Chapter 9 – Growth of a Nation • Work of the War Hawks • led by _____________ of Kentucky • pushed for war with Britain • pushed for a stronger defense pp. 173-177 Chapter 9 – Growth of a Nation The _________________ declared war on Great Britain two days after Britain suspended its Order in Council. If communication had been better, war would have been ______________. pp. 173-177 Chapter 9 – Growth of a Nation • ___________ Handicaps • small army and navy • lack of funds • poor communication networks • poor leadership pp. 173-177 • ______________ ___________ was supported during the War of 1812. • He won the reelection in 1812. Chapter 9 – Growth of a Nation • Fighting the War in the North: The War in 1812 • attacked Canada • lost much of the Northwest Territory • had success at sea • U.S.S. Constitution • United States • Niagara pp. 173-177 Chapter 9 – Growth of a Nation pp. 173-177 • Fighting for the Great Lakes: The War in 1813 • ______________________________ • built a naval base on Lake Erie • forced the British from the Great Lakes • Wrote, “We have met the enemy, and they are ours!” • drove the British out the Northwest Chapter 9 – Growth of a Nation pp. 173-177 • Invasions in the East: The War in __________ • the Northeast: British defeated at Plattsburg, NY • Chesapeake Bay • The British captured and burned Washington, D. C. • The British were unable to take Fort McHenry. • ___________________________wrote "The Star-Spangled Banner." Chapter 9 – Growth of a Nation • __________________ • Andrew Jackson: led the American forces in the South and hero of the Battle of New Orleans • Battle of New Orleans: biggest American victory of the war (fought after the war had officially ended) pp. 173-177 Chapter 9 – Growth of a Nation pp. 173-177 • The Treaty of ______________, 1814 • The American delegation was led by John Quincy Adams. • The Treaty of Christmas Eve • Ended the War of 1812 Chapter 9 – Growth of a Nation pp. 173-177 • The treaty failed to settle the key issue over which the war had been fought-- ___________________ at sea, but established special commissions to settle future disputes. Chapter 9 – Growth of a Nation pp. 173-177 • Results of the War of 1812 • gained ________________respect • inspired a sense of _____________, pride and patriotism for America • created new national _____________ • developed much of their own _______________ Chapter 9 – Growth of a Nation pp. 173-177 • ended conflict between France and Britain • ______________ both political parties • Federalist party died out. • The Democratic-Republicans began favoring a strong federal government.