Download Smoking

Smoking
D. Crowley, 2007
Wednesday, May 24, 2017
Smoking

To know how a healthy respiratory system works, and how
smoking effects it
Respiratory System

What does the respiratory system do? What parts does it
consist of?

The respiratory system contains the organs that allow us to
get the oxygen we need and to remove the waste carbon
dioxide

It consists of: –
Lungs
– Tubes leading from the lungs to the mouth and nose
– Various structures in the chest that allow air to move
in and out of the lungs
Respiratory System

Movements of the ribs, rib muscles and diaphragm allow air
into and out of the lungs: this is called breathing or ventilation

When we breathe in, we inhale
When we breathe out, we exhale


Air passes between the lungs and the
outside of the body through the
trachea
 The trachea divides into two bronchi,
with one bronchus for each lung
 Each bronchus divides further in the
lungs into smaller tubes called
bronchioles
 At the end of each bronchiole, there is
a group of tiny air sacs called alveoli
Breathing / Ventilation
Breathing in (inhale) - ribs move up and out, diaphragm contracts (pulled down)
Breathing out (exhale) - ribs move down and in, diaphragm relaxes (moves upward)
Breathing

Complete the breathing
worksheet - stick this in your
book (plus all other work)
Breathing
Gas Exchange

For respiration to occur, we need to get oxygen from the air to
the blood, and remove waste carbon dioxide from the blood

Alveoli in the lungs are adapted to make gas exchange happen
easily and efficiently: they cause the lungs to have a very large
surface area; are moist with thin walls; and have many
capillaries
The gases move via diffusion (net [high] to [low])
Smoking

What are the problems of smoking?

Smoking is very harmful to health, causing ~80% of deaths
from lung cancer, bronchitis and emphysema, and ~20% of
deaths from heart disease in the UK

Tobacco smoke contains many harmful substances, including:
tar; nicotine; and carbon monoxide

Second hand smoke is just as dangerous! You’ll get all the
health problems are smoker will…
Smoking Practical
Smoking Problems
 Carbon monoxide – a poisonous gas that reduces the amount
of oxygen that red blood cells carry around the body
 Tar – a brown, sticky substance that consists of tiny particles
and is formed when tobacco smoke condenses. Deposited in
the lungs, it coats the surface of the alveoli
 Nicotine – an addictive drug that affects the central nervous
system, increasing the heart rate and narrowing the blood
vessels, causing high blood pressure
Normal lung (left) verses smokers lung (right)
Cilia

There are also specialised cells in the lining of the breathing
tubes which produce a sticky mucus to trap dirt and microbes

Specialised cells called cilia help to move this mucus out of
the lungs

Smoking can damage these delicate cells (hot smoke and tar)
and they are less effective

This is why smokers cough a lot, trying to move this mucus
Cilia
Task

Your task is to give your opinion about the smoking ban - is it a
good or bad thing?

Either way, you need to include the affects smoke has on the
respiratory system, and the associated health problems this
can lead to…