Download Callyspongia plicifera

Sponges
Ryan Baker, Markesh Patel
P.3
http://www.palaeos.com/Invertebrates/Porifera/Porife
PHYLUM
Porifera
Ryan Baker
EXAMPLES
Azure vase sponge
(Callyspongia plicifera)
http://reefguide.org/pixhtml/azurevase2.html
Ryan Baker
EXAMPLES
Variable Boring Sponge
(Siphonodictyon coralliphagum)
http://reefguide.org/pixhtml/variableboring3.html
Ryan Baker
EXAMPLES
Strawberry Vase Sponge
(Mycale laxissima)
http://reefguide.org/pixhtml/azurevase2.html
Ryan Baker
BODY CAVITY
• Present
• “Spongocoel”
• Water passes
through pores
(“porocytes”)
and into the
spongocoel
http://wps.aw.com/bc_campbell_biology_7/26/6664/1706153.cw/index.html
FLOW OF WATER
3) … and out through the osculum
(connects spongocel to the
environment)
1) Water flows
through the
porocytes…
2) … into the
spongocel
…
http://wps.aw.com/bc_campbell_biology_7/26/6664/1706153.cw/index.html
BODY SYMMETRY
NONE
or
Radial
• Most sponges are asymmetrical
• However, some may exhibit radial symmetry
NERVOUS SYSTEM
NONE
• No nerve or sensory cells (only
multicellular animal)
• However: touch/pressure can cause body
contraction
CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
• No true circulatory system, just water flow &
amoebocytes
• Amoebocytes transport
nutrients to other cells
http://wps.aw.com/bc_campbell_biology_7/26/6664/1706153.cw/index.html
DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
• Choanocytes (collar cells)
create a water current with
flagella to trap food
particles and ingest with
phagocytosis.
• Amoebocytes digest and
transport nutrients.
http://wps.aw.com/bc_campbell_biology_7/26/6664/1706153.cw/index.html
Excretory
System
None
Locomotion/Musculature
-Sessile
-Sponge larvae use tiny hair structures
called cilia to swim until they attach to a
surface. (few days)
http://www.biology.ualberta.ca/CMD/Pics/LeysLarva.jpg
Skeletal Type
The Body of a Sponge contains 2 layers of cells
Mesohyl – A gelatinous part between the layers
of cells contains
Amoebocytes-carry nutrients to cell/manufacture
skeletal fibers
# 1 Spicules made from calcium carbonate/silcia
# 2 Spongin = more flexible
http://www.biology.iastate.edu/Course
s/211L/Porif/%20Porifindx.htm
Sensory Structures/Features
• None/VERY simple
• They may close their ostia if there is too
much matter in the water or if it has been
touched.
Reproduction
– All Sponges are Hermaphrodites =
male/female and sperm/egg
– Gametes come from choanocytes and
amoebocytes. Zygote develops in mesohyl
– Zygote becomes larvae
– Cross Fertilization
– Asexual reproduction via Gemmules
Gas Exchange
• Water flow allows for the sponges to
obtain oxygen and remove waste.
• They exchange gases mainly by diffusion.
(Most efficient way, because they have a
large surface area)
Other Unique Features
• Sponges are known to grow back lost
body parts.
• All sponges are aquatic.
• Collar cells called choanocytes are only
found in these kinds of animals.
• They are the only animal to use silicon as
a support structure.
• They are suspension feeders, meaning
they capture small food particles
suspended in the water.
Question #1
Porifera are the only phylum that do not
have a(n):
a) Digestive system
b) Nervous system
c) Skeletal system
d) Circulatory system
Question #1
Porifera are the only phylum that do not
have a(n):
a) Digestive system
b) Nervous system
c) Skeletal system
d) Circulatory system
Question #2
Which of these systems DO Porifera truly
have?
a) Excretory system
b) Nervous system
c) Skeletal system
d) Circulatory system
Question #2
Which of these systems DO Porifera truly
have?
a) Excretory system
b) Nervous system
c) Skeletal system
d) Circulatory system
Question #3
Identify the structure in the picture:
a) Spongocoel
b) Amoebocyte
c) Porocyte
d) Osculum
Question #3
Identify the structure in the picture:
a) Spongocoel
b) Amoebocyte
c) Porocyte
d) Osculum
Question #4
Identify the structure in the picture:
a) Spongocoel
b) Amoebocyte
c) Porocyte
d) Osculum
Question #4
Identify the structure in the picture:
a) Spongocoel
b) Amoebocyte
c) Porocyte
d) Osculum