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The Circulatory System February 20, 2013 QOD If you were another person, would you like to be a friend of yours? ROD Circulatory System Questions about Bill When does your heart relax? What does the blood carry? Where does the heart pump blood? How is the heart electrical? Interesting Facts The average person’s heart beats 2.5billion times in a lifetime. Your left lung is smaller than your right. Clench your fist – the size is more or less the same as your heart. Blood in the veins is not blue, but more purple-ish. Your heart is closer to the middle of the body than the left. Circulatory System Closed circulatory system = Blood always flows inside blood vessels . There are 3 types of circulation: Pulmonary Systemic Coronary Circulatory System Made up of 3 components: Blood Heart Blood Vessels Function: Regulates body temperature Transports disease-fighting white blood cells Transport substances around the body Nutrients from the digestive system O2 & CO2 lungs and muscles Waste from body tissues to the kidneys Blood – 4 components Red Blood Cells (RBC) Make up half of the bloods volume *Contain hemoglobin *Allows O2 transportation White Blood Cells (WBC) Infection-fighting cells >1% of volume in blood Only blood cell to contain a nucleus Blood – 4 components Platelets Help with blood clotting >1% of volume in blood Plasma Responsible for carrying blood cells, CO2, hormones, waste Makes up over half of blood’s volume Liquid component of blood Heart – Blood Flow http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/pe/appliedanatomy /0_anatomy_circulatorysys_rev2.shtml Heart Three types of tissue: Cardiac muscle Involuntary Striated Each part contracts at the same time Nerve Connective – separates atrium from ventricles Nerve Tissues of the Heart SA Node AKA pacemaker Coordinates heart contraction Causes atrium to contract AV Node Occurs almost immediately after filling of ventricles Causes ventricles to contract Arteries Capillaries Veins Blood Flow Carry blood ________ from the heart Found in the _______ and ____________ Carry blood ___________ the heart Thickness Have _________ muscular walls ____________ thick walls Have __________ walls Pressure Contain blood under _________ _________________ pressure pressure Contain blood under ______ pressure Valves ___________ontain valves __________ valves to prevent backflow. One – way valves Links __________ and _________ together and gas exchange occurs here Blood Vessels Arteries Capillaries Veins Blood Flow Carry blood away from the heart Found in the lungs and Carry blood towards muscles the heart Thickness Have thick muscular walls One-cell thick walls Have thin walls Pressure Contain blood under high pressure Very low pressure Contain blood under low pressure Valves Do not contain valves Link arteries and veins Have valves to prevent together and gas backflow exchange occurs here Veins: One-way valves Low pressure Series of valves: force blood toward the heart Ex. Push/Pull doors Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) Most common heart problem Coronary Arteries – supplies the heart with blood CAD – arteries become partially blocked Plaque: fat, cholesterol, calcium Causes: Poor lifestyle choices High-saturated fat diet Smoking Lack of exercise Genetic Coronary Artery Disease Symptoms: Tiredness Dizziness Pain/burning sensation Diagnosis: X-ray called angiogram Uses fluorescent dye Coronary Artery Disease Heart Attack Coronary Arteries become completely blocked Plaque or blood clot Heart muscle cells no longer receive O2 Heart stops pumping, heart tissues die Symptoms: chest pain, nausea, sweating, dizziness, fatigue Diagnosis: Blood test – certain proteins become present when cardiac muscle tissue dies Electrocardiogram (ECG) Exercise is important!!! Cycling Heart & Exercise In partners... 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) Take your resting heart rate Do jumping jacks/push ups/air squats for 15 seconds Take your heart rate immediately after Take your heart rate 1 minute after Repeat steps 2 and 4 for 30 seconds, 45 seconds, 1 minute Heart & Exercise Lowers/Reverses some heart disease factors Increase fat loss Heart muscle becomes stronger Doesn’t work as hard Can pump more blood per beat Decreases resting heart rate Increases endurance Lowers blood pressure Homework Pg. 87 #1, 3, 4, 6, 7, 9