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BODY SYSTEMS Characteristics of Systems • All systems have the following characteristics: 1. A system is made of individual parts that work together as a whole 2. A system is usually connected to one or more systems 3. If one part of a system is missing or damaged, the system will not function well or may not function at all Eleven Systems of the Human Body 1. Circulatory System - transports blood, nutrients, gases, and wastes 2. Digestive System - takes in food, breaks it down, absorbs nutrients, and eliminates solid waste 3. Respiratory System - Controls breathing, and exchanges gases in the lungs and tissues 4. Excretory System - Removes liquid and gas wastes from the body 5. Immune System - Defends the body against infection 6. Endocrine System - Manufactures and releases hormones 7. Reproductive System - Includes reproductive organs for producing offspring 8. Integumentary System - Includes skin, hair, and nails, creates a waterproof protective barrier around the body 9. Skeletal System - Supports, protects, and works with muscles to move parts of the body 10. Muscular System - Has muscles that work with the bones to move that parts of the body 11. Nervous System - Detects changes in the environment and signals these changes to the body, which then carries out a response Organization of Body Systems • The basis of each system are cells • Cells of the same type are grouped into tissues • Groups of tissues form organs • Organs make up the organ system • Organs systems make up the organism Types of Tissues 1. Muscle Tissue • Assists in body movement and helps organs carry out specific functions 2. Epithelial Tissue • Covers the surface of the organs and the body, and lines the inside of body parts 3. Nerve Tissue • Transfers signals in the body and its organs to tell the body how to respond to changes in its internal and external environments 4. Connective Tissue • Holds together and supports other tissues and connects, protects, and insulates organs