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Heart-y Facts It takes about 20 seconds for blood to travel through your body… heart to heart. 1 minute = 75-85 heart beats In one day, one drop of blood travels 12,000 miles! Girls hearts beat faster than boys Blood is about 78% water You have 5.6 Liters of Blood in your body! Circulatory System Why didn’t the skeleton want to go school? Because his heart wasn’t in it…. • The circulatory system is in charge of moving nutrients, gases and wastes to and from cells. • This system helps maintain homeostasis by stabilizing body temperature and pH. Three Types of Circulation 1. No Circulation 2. Open Circulation 3. Closed Circulation No Circulation • The body system is so basic that every cell is able to obtain nutrients, water and oxygen without the need of a transport system. Example: Organisms such as – flatworms Open Circulation • Blood flows freely in the body cavity • Blood is NOT contained in vessels. Examples: Simple organisms such as – Molluscs (clams) and Arthropods (insects) Closed Circulation • Blood is always contained in vessels or the heart. Examples: Organisms such as – humans and ALL vertebrates (have vertebrae or backbone) Transportation • Think of your circulatory system like an extensive system of trains . . . they pick up packages and drop them off at another place. Transportation • The circulatory system picks up wastes like carbon dioxide and drops off nutrients and oxygen. Your vessels make up the “tracks” that your blood or “train” flows along. Blood delivers… • …Oxygen to all cells. • …Food to all cells. • …Wastes to the kidneys. • …Carbon dioxide to the lungs. Components of Blood • Red Blood Cells (RBC) • White Blood Cells (WBC) • Platelets • Plasma Red Blood Cells • • • • Transport O2 & CO2 Lack a nucleus Contain hemoglobin Produced in bone marrow. White Blood Cells • Large • Contain nucleus • Defend the body against disease. • Produced in bone marrow. Platelets • • Cell fragments needed for blood clotting. Create a “web” to prevent you from loosing blood. Plasma • • • Liquid Contains proteins Transports red and white blood cells, platelets, nutrients, enzymes, hormones, gases and salts. Blood Types • There are four blood types: – – – – A B AB O • This is inherited from your mother and father. Blood Donation • You cannot receive blood from just anyone … you have to have the same blood type. • Because of this, donating blood is extremely helpful for doctors and hospitals. Blood Vessels • Three types of vessels: 1. Artery – Carry blood AWAY from the heart (with O2) 2. Vein- Carry blood back to the heart (with CO2) 3. Capillary – Where arteries turn into veins Blood Pressure • Pulse- the surge of blood through an artery • Blood pressure is the force that blood exerts on the blood vessels. – BP rises sharply when your ventricles contract but drops when they relax. – These two numbers provide your blood pressure. • Normal: 120/80 Heart 5 karat “Heart” cut diamond Human Heart • All of your vessels connect to your heart. • The function of the heart is to keep blood moving constantly through the body. Your Heart • It is about the size of your fist • It is located in the center of the chest between the lungs. • Your ribs and sternum protect your heart and lungs. • The bottom tip of your heart leans to the left side of your chest... where you pledge to the flag. Heart Structure • • The heart is made of cardiac muscle. All mammals have four chambers in their heart: 1. Left Atria 2. Left Ventricle 3. Right Atria 4. Right Ventricle Fish Heart • Fish have a 2 chambered heart. Fish Heart Frog Heart • Frogs have a 3 chambered heart. Frog Heart Mammal-Bird Heart Aorta • All mammals (you) and birds have a4 chambered heart. Pathway through the Heart • Vena Cava (largest vein in your body) • Right Atrium • Right Ventricle • Pulmonary Artery • Lungs (exchanges O2 & CO2) • • • • Pulmonary Artery Left Atrium Left Ventricle Aorta (largest artery in your body) • Body Cells Controlling the Heart • Pacemaker: a bundle of nerve cells located at the top of the right atrium – Generates an electrical impulse that triggers your atria to contract/pump – Some people have artificial an pacemaker • Medulla oblongata: portion of the brain that controls the pacemaker Resources • • • • • • http://www.stemnet.nf.ca/CITE/cardio.htm http://www.cln.org/themes/circulatory.html http://www.biologymad.com/heartdissection_files/frame.htm http://www.gwc.maricopa.edu/class/bio202/heart/anthrt.htm http://www.kidshealth.org/kid/body/heart_noSW.html http://users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/A/AnimalHea rts.html • http://www.biology4kids.com/files/systems_circulatory.html • http://www.accessexcellence.org/AE/AEC/CC/heart_background.ht ml • http://www.easyrashi.com/heart_misconceptions.htm