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Major Battles of the Civil War 1861-1865 Siege of Vicksburg Date State Leaders N/S Victor & importance of outcome Union victory May 18 to July 4, 1863 Ulysses S Grant Union control of Mississippi River John Pemberton (fulfilled a major part of the Anaconda Plan) Mississippi Gettysburg Campaign ►Fighting lasted 3 days on the hills and fields around Gettysburg, PA July 1-3, 1863 ►90,000 Union troops were commanded by Gen. George Meade ►75,000 Confederate troops were commanded by Gen. Robert E. Lee ►As much as 51,000 total casualties were estimated in the battle Bloodiest battle in American History Union Confederacy Gettysburg Date State Leaders N/S Victor & importance of outcome Union victory High Water Mark of the Confederacy July 1 - 3, 1863 Pennsylvania George Meade As many as 51,000 combined casualties Robert E Bloodiest battle of the war Lee the South would never invade North again Gettysburg Day 1 ► Skirmishes begin North of town as advanced scouting parties of the two armies converge ► Lee knows he needs to control the high ground. He orders General Ewell to take Culp’s Hill “If Practicable…” ► Ewell decides it is not practicable, and the Union controls the high ground Gettysburg Day 2 ► The Union army forms a fishhook defensive position ► Confederates under James Longstreet attack the Southern en of the fishhook along the hills Round Top and Little Round Top ► Joshua Chamberlain’s 20th Maine defends Little Round Top preventing the Confederates from destroying the Union line Charge of the 20th Maine – Little Round Top Gettysburg Day 3 ► Lee’s last ditch effort to win the battle and perhaps the war ► George Pickett’s Division is ordered to attack the Union line in what is known as “Pickett’s Charge” ► The attack fails and Pickett’s Division is wiped out ► Lee retreats, never to invade the North again. The bloodiest battle of the war is over Pickett’s Charge