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THE BATTLE OF GETTYSBURG The Battle of Gettysburg took place July 1-3, 1863. It took place in and around the small Pennsylvania town of Gettysburg. General Robert E. Lee Confederate Commander Army of Northern Virginia General George Meade Union Commander Army of the Potomac General Lee’s Reasons for invading the Union: 1. His army needed supplies like weapons and clothing. 2. General Lee’s men were hungry and needed food. 3. General Lee hoped to take attention away from the Union victory at Fredericksburg. 4. The confederacy also thought that a victory over the Union on northern soil may cause Great Britain and France to recognize the Confederacy as an independent nation. o The Union fired the first shot. o Major General John Fulton Reynolds was one of the first Union soldiers to fall. o Most of the fighting took place west and north of Gettysburg. o By morning, the Union army had established a strong position. o The Confederacy attacked each side of the Union’s U shaped formation. Devil’s Den o Union troops attacked Confederates early in the morning. o After 6 hours of intense fighting, the Union succeeded in driving off the southerners. o General Lee changed his strategy and ordered the assault known as “Pickett’s Charge.” o The Confederacy suffered heavy losses. o General Lee and his men retreated and went back to Virginia. VICTORY FOR THE UNION UNION 82,000 troops 23,000 casualties CONFEDERACY 75,000 troops 28,000 casualties 51,000 total casualties at the Battle of Gettysburg o The Battle of Gettysburg is known as the turning point of the Civil War. o This battle was the Confederate’s last major invasion of the north. o President Lincoln gave the now famous “Gettysburg Address” during the dedication of a national cemetery for Union soldiers. o It was at Gettysburg that more men actually fought and more men died than in any other battle before or since on North American soil.