Download THE CIVIL WAR

THE CIVIL WAR – The Road to War
When Abraham Lincoln was on his way to be inaugurated
as the nation’s 16th President, he received the news that
Jefferson Davis had been chosen as the President of the
Confederate States of America and that seven Southern
States had left the Union in protest of his election.
Inaugural Address
Lincoln still thought that he could prevent the war...
He pleaded to keep the
Union.
He promised that Union
forces would not be used to
maintain the Union.
He promised the South
that he would not interfere
with slavery in those states
where it already existed.
Lincoln ended his
address
with these words...
• Within weeks of Lincoln’s speech, the South
gave him their answer...
• The South captured all but four federal
garrisons (forts where troops are housed) in
the South...
The only southern garrisons left
under Union control were:
• Fort Jefferson
• Fort Pickens
• Fort Taylor
• Fort Sumter
Fort Sumter – the Start of the War
At 4:30 a.m. on
April 12, 1861
Confederate forces
opened fire on Fort
Sumter in South
Carolina. 36 hours
later, a white flag
waved over the fort.
The Civil War Had Begun...
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•
•
10,000 Battle Sites
7 Future Presidents Would Fight
Slavery Was Abolished
620,000 Americans Would Die
Lincoln Calls the Remaining Garrisons
When Lincoln heard of the fall of Fort Sumter
he called for volunteers (75,000) to put down the
rebellion and protect Washington.
RESOURCES
North
(23 States)
South
(11 States)
Overall Population
22 Million
9 Million
Men of Combat Age
4 Million
.8 Million
Military Forces
Trained Army &
Navy
None
Factories
100,000 with 1.1
Million Workers
20,000 with
100,000 Workers
Miles of Railroad Track 22,000
9,000
Railroad Equipment
4% of Nation’s
Supply
96% of Nation’s
Supply
North
(23 States)
South
(11 States)
Banks/Funds
81% of Nation’s
Deposits
19% of Nation’s
Deposits
Gold
$56 Million
None
Farms
67% of Nation’s
Total
33% of Nation’s
Total
Agriculture/Grain
64% of Nation’s
Supply
36% of Nation’s
Supply
Number of Draft
Animals (horses,
mules, oxen)
4.6 Million
2.6 Million
RESOURCES
Continued...
War Strategies
Union/North
Confederate/South
Blockade all Confederate ports
with Ironclad (Armored Ships)
Anaconda Plan – to capture the
Mississippi River and split the
Confederacy in half leaving
Texas, Arkansas, and Louisiana
stranded.
Capture the Confederate Capital
of Richmond, Virginia.
Destroy Confederate armies on
the battlefields.
Destroy the South’s land so that
the Southern civilians would
stop supporting the war.
Blockade Runners (Private Ships
that would slip around the
blockade at great speed).
On land, they hoped to wear
down the Union.
At sea, swift raiders (fast, lightly
armed ships) captured Union
merchant ships.
King Cotton Diplomacy– felt that
Great Britain and France needed
the South’s cotton supply and
hoped they would aide the
Confederacy side.
Union Generals
Ulysses S. Grant
William T. Sherman
Confederate Generals
Stonewall Jackson
Robert E. Lee