Download 23-Legacy of the Civil War

THE LEGACY OF THE
Civil WAR
Daily Focus:
In what ways do you think the Civil War
impacted American society, economics,
and politics?
Long-term Causes
• Conflict over slavery
• Economic Differences
• Conflict over states’
rights
Short-term Causes
• Election of Lincoln
• Secession of Southern
states
• Firing on Ft. Sumter
Immediate Effects
• Abolition of slavery
• Widening gap between
N and S economies
• Physical devastation to
the South
• Reunification of the
country
Short-term Effects
• Reconstruction of the
South
• Industrial Boom
• Increased federal
authority
POLITICAL CHANGES
• Power of federal gov’t is supreme— states’ don’t
have the right to secede
• Extension of Federal Power— more involved in
daily lives of Americans
• Income taxes first used— eventually 16th
amendment wrote into law, paper currency used
• Citizens drafted into service— conscription
• Civil liberties suppressed— habeas corpus
suspended
ECONOMIC CHANGES
• Northern Industry grows due to
manufacturing and selling war supplies
• Southern economy is destroyed —source
of labor gone, physically devastated, war
debt, before war owned 30% of nation’s
wealth, after war only 12%
• National Bank Act of 1863: new and safer
banking system
Costs of War
• Civil War affected nearly
every family
• Deaths: Union = 360,000
CSA = 260,000
• ½ million are wounded—
maimed veterans become
a common sight
throughout the country
• Money—roughly 3.3
billion spent (5 times the
amount spent in 80
years)
600000
Union
500000
400000
CSA
300000
200000
100000
0
Deaths
All other
American
Wars
Toal Civil
War
deaths
WARFARE CHANGES
• New Weapons: rifles, mini-balls, trench
warfare
• Grenades
• Submarines
• Iron-clad ships:
– Monitor (North)
v. Merrimack (South)
Lives Change
• 13th amendment: banned slavery everywhere
“Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as punishment for crime whereof the party
shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States.” 13th Amendment to the
Constitution
•
•
•
•
Soldiers return: what now?
Urban population grows
Many begin moving west
Families are destroyed by losses in their
families
• “I pray that our Heavenly Father may assuage the anguish of your
bereavement, and leave you only the cherished memory of the loved and
lost, and the solemn pride that must be yours to have laid so costly a
sacrifice upon the altar of freedom” President Lincoln
Lincoln’s Plan
• Lincoln’s Plan: 10% plan, began
working on it nearly a year before the
war ended, very forgiving plan, will
never get to implement his plan
though
“With malice toward none, with charity for all,
with firmness in the right as God gives us to see
the right, let us strive on to finish the work we
are in, to bind up the nation's wounds”
President Lincoln, 1865
• John Wilkes Booth — Southern
sympathizer, Whig member, well-known
actor, blamed Lincoln for the South’s
problems
• Ford’s Theatre (only 5 days after the Civil
War ended) Lincoln is assassinated
• Lincoln died at 7:22 am the next morning,
and Andrew Johnson was sworn in shortly
thereafter
• Johnson takes over Reconstruction,
Lincoln’s plan doesn’t pass
1. The Civil War began with
a. South Carolina seceding from the Union
b. Illegal formation of the CSA
c. Attack on Lawrence, Kansas, a center of freesoiler activity
d. Confederate attack on Ft. Sumter
2. The Emancipation Proclamation freed
a.
b.
c.
d.
All slaves
All slaves in enemy territory
All slaves living in western territory
All slaves in Union states
3. At Ford’s Theatre on April 14, 1865
a.
b.
c.
d.
Lincoln was shot
Lee signed the terms of surrender
The Civil War officially ended
Lincoln gave the Gettysburg Address
4. The Civil War left the South
a.
b.
c.
d.
In full control of its government
In ruins
Largely unchanged
Financially stable with a great economy
5. Who assassinated Lincoln?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Lee Harvey Oswald
John Wilkes Booth
Robert E. Lee
William Tecumseh Sherman
6. How did Lincoln’s assassination affect
Reconstruction?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Lincoln’s plan didn’t pass
Lincoln’s plan was successful
Reconstruction ended quickly
Southern states were quickly readmitted to the
Union
7. Which of the following did NOT contribute to
the Civil War being the 1st modern war?
a.
b.
c.
d.
telephone
Observation balloons
Iron-clad ships
submarines
8. What did Clara Barton, the “angel of the
battlefield” found?
a.
b.
c.
d.
American Red Cross
FEMA
Nurses of America
Blue Cross and Shield
9. Which of the following was an advantage the
South had going into the Civil War?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Larger army
More miles of railroad
Greater number of factories
More experienced generals
10. Grant’s victory at Vicksburg
a.
b.
c.
d.
Ended the South’s naval domination
Cut the confederacy in 2
Caused Gen. Lee to surrender
Forced Jefferson Davis to resign as President
of the CSA