Download African Americans in the Civil War

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The Civil War (1861–1865)
Witness History: War Between the States
Resources, Strategies, and Early Battles
African Americans and the War
Life During the War
Turning Points of the War
The War’s End and Impact
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Resources, Strategies, and Early Battles
Union and Confederate Resources
Main Idea: As the Civil War began, each side possessed significant strengths and notable
weaknesses. At first glance, most advantages appeared to add up in favor of the Union.
Confederate and Union Strategies
Main Idea: As the two sides prepared for war, Union and Confederate leaders contemplated
their goals and how they might go about meeting them. While northerners hoped for a quick
victory, southern strategists planned for a prolonged war.
Early Battles of the Civil War
Main Idea: The Civil War started slowly and would ultimately last nearly four years and stretch
across much of the continent. Key early battles occurred at Bull Run, Shiloh, New Orleans,
and Glorietta Pass.
Stalemate Develops in the East
Main Idea: While Union and Confederate forces squared off in the Mississippi Valley and
farther west, major fighting in the East focused on the state of Virginia. The outcomes did not
prove decisive for either side.
Continued…
Resources, Strategies, and Early Battles (continued…)
Witness History: Marching Off to War
Note Taking: Reading Skill: Categorize
Chart: Union and Confederate Resources, 1861
Color Transparencies: Fighting the Civil War
Note Taking: Reading Skill: Recognize Sequence
Geography Interactive: The Civil War, 1861-1862
Progress Monitoring Transparency
NOTE TAKING
Reading Skill: Categorize
CHART
Union and Confederate Resources, 1861
TRANSPARENCY
Fighting the Civil War
NOTE TAKING
Reading Skill: Recognize Sequence
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Progress Monitoring Transparency
African Americans and the War
The Push Toward Emancipation
Main Idea: Pressures from abolitionists at home and abroad urged Lincoln to address the issue of
slavery, and he began working on a plan for the emancipation of enslaved African Americans living
in Confederate states.
Emancipation at Last
Main Idea: On September 22, 1862, Lincoln declared the Emancipation Proclamation, freeing all
enslaved people in states still in rebellion after January 1, 1863. It didn't apply to loyal border states
or to places already under Union control.
African Americans Join the Fight
Main Idea: With the Emancipation Proclamation, the Union moved from allowing black troops to
actively recruiting them. The Confederacy considered drafting slaves and free blacks, but most
southerners opposed the enlistment of African Americans.
Witness History: A Memorable Day
Chart: Casualties at Antietam
Note Taking: Reading Skill:
Identify Supporting Details
Progress Monitoring Transparency
Color Transparencies: African
Americans in the Civil War
NOTE TAKING
Reading Skill: Identify Supporting Details
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African Americans in the Civil War
CHART
Casualties at Antietam
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Life During the War
The Home Front in the North
Main Idea: The drop in southern cotton production during the war had a huge impact on the
northern textile industry. At the same time, other industries boomed as demand for clothing,
arms, and other supplies spiked.
The Home Front in the South
Main Idea: The Civil War made great economic demands on the South as well. But, unlike the
North, the Confederacy lacked the resources to meet these demands. As the war dragged on,
the South seemed in danger of collapse.
The Life of the Soldier
Main Idea: Just fewer than half the eligible men in the Union and four out of five eligible men in
the South served in the military during the Civil War. Their experiences combined adventure
and pride with terrible hardships including illness, starvation, and injury.
Women and the War
Main Idea: Many women had long sought an active role in public life. The Civil War offered
them new opportunities to do so. Even women who did not choose new roles often were forced
to assume unfamiliar responsibilities.
Continued…
Life During the War (continued…)
Witness History: The Hardships of War
Note Taking: Reading Skill: Compare and Contrast
Infographic: Troubles on the Home Fronts
Chart: Currency Depreciation
Color Transparencies: Political Cartoons: Copperheads Threaten the Union
Progress Monitoring Transparency
NOTE TAKING
Reading Skill: Compare and Contrast
INFOGRAPHIC
Troubles on the Home Fronts
CHART
Currency Depreciation
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Political Cartoons: Copperheads Threaten the Union
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Progress Monitoring Transparency
Turning Points of the War
Union Victory at Vicksburg
Main Idea: After two years of war, the Confederacy still had strongholds at Port Hudson,
Louisiana, and Vicksburg, Mississippi. Lincoln proclaimed that Vicksburg was the key to
reaching the war’s end.
A Turning Point in the East
Main Idea: While Union troops advanced in the West, the situation was different in the East.
Despite claiming victory at Antietam, Lincoln soon replaced General McClellan for failing to
pursue the retreating Confederates.
The Union Presses the Advantage
Main Idea: The Union victories at Gettysburg and Vicksburg dealt a severe blow to the
Confederacy. The Confederacy would still win some victories, however, the situation of the South
was dire.
Witness History: Gettysburg: A Soldier’s Story
Note Taking: Reading Skill: Summarize
Geography Interactive: Campaign for Vicksburg: March - July 1863
Continued…
Turning Points of the War (continued…)
Color Transparencies: The Gettysburg Address
History Interactive: To discover more about the Battle of Gettysburg
Quick Study: Goals of Total War
History Interactive: To learn more about the siege of Vicksburg
Progress Monitoring Transparency
NOTE TAKING
Reading Skill: Summarize
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The Gettysburg Address
QUICK STUDY
Goals of Total War
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Progress Monitoring Transparency
The War’s End and Impact
The War’s Final Days
Main Idea: In the summer of 1864, the Confederates made a desperate stand at Petersburg, a
vital railroad center. Grant knew that if he captured Petersburg, he could cut all supply lines to
Richmond. Therefore he applied his siege tactics to Petersburg and ultimately achieved victory.
Richmond, then defenseless, was evacuated and set on fire.
Why the North Won
Main Idea: The Union victory was a result of the North’s greater technological prowess, large
population, abundant resources, and brilliant military leaders. Meanwhile, the South used up its
resources and was unable to call upon fresh troops and supplies.
The War’s Lasting Impact
Main Idea: The Civil War produced extraordinary levels of casualties and destruction, social and
political disillusionment on both sides, and ultimately eased the history of disunity in American
political life.
Witness History: The South Surrenders
Note Taking: Reading Skill: Recognize Sequence
Continued...
The War’s End and Impact (continued…)
Note Taking: Reading Skill: Understand Effects
Geography Interactive: The Civil War, 1863-1865
Chart: Economic Costs of the Civil War
Chart: War Deaths
Progress Monitoring Transparency
NOTE TAKING
Reading Skill: Recognize Sequence
NOTE TAKING
Reading Skill: Understand Effects
CHART
Economic Costs of the Civil War
CHART
War Deaths
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Progress Monitoring Transparency