Download CIVIL WAR LEADERS

CIVIL WAR LEADERS
Map of Civil War Battles
Union leaders
ABRAHAM LINCOLN
PRESIDENT OF UNITED
STATES OF AMERICA
…proved to be a great asset to the
Union. He never wavered from his goal
of preserving the union.
• Son of poor mid-western farmer
• Educated himself by reading everything he
could
• Lawyer
• 6’4” ---- Tall and Thin
• Married to Mary Todd Lincoln – 4 sons
General irvin mcdowell
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Appointed by Lincoln to lead the Union forces
Graduate of West Point
Veteran of Mexican War
West Point instructor after Civil War
BATTLE OF BULL RUN
• Lost Command after Bull Run
• Why?... Underestimated the South’s Military
strengths and was forced to retreat
• Replaced by General George McClellan
GENERAL GEORGE MCCLELLAN
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West Point Graduate
Mexican War Veteran
Engineer by trade
Superior as… supply technician &
training troops
BATTLE OF ANTIETAM
• Has General Robert E. Lee on the run but did
not follow through
• Lincoln was furious and fired him
• McClellan ran against Lincoln for President in
1864 and lost
General ambrose burnside
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West Point Graduate
Mexican War Veteran
Trade: Tailor and Inventor
Did not want to be a Commander but
tried to live up to responsibilities
• Term “sideburns” comes from him
because of HIS unusual “sideburns”
BATTLE OF FREDERICKSBURG
• Defeated at this battle and relieved of
his command
General joseph hooker
• West Point graduate
• Rancher
• Mexican War hero…earned him
nickname “Fighting Joe”
• A man of “culture and class” …during
war, traveled with comforts of home
including best food, fine china, wine
and music.
BATTLE OF
CHANCELLORSVILLE
Lost beyond humiliation in this
battle and relieved of his
command
General george c. meade
• West Point Graduate
• Mexican War Veteran & Indian Fighter
BATTLE OF GETTYSBURG
Proved himself in this battle, but the losses were
so heavy, Lincoln still searched for and found an
adequate leader in Ulysses S. Grant who
replaced him.
General ulysses s. grant
• West Point graduate
• Mexican War veteran
GRANT’S WAR STRATEGY
Find your enemy, get your enemy, strike hard and as
often as you can…and move on!
• Total Warfare! Take the war to you enemy from all
sides and break their will to fight and ability to
support their troops!
• Destroy Everything!!! Burn homes, burn crops, kill
animals, destroy railroads and businesses
William t. sherman
• West Point Graduate
• Mexican War Veteran
• Lawyer and Banker
Grant ordered Sherman to “inflict all damage you
can against the South’s war resources.”
Sherman marched through Georgia and the
Carolinas destroying everything his troops found
of value.
Grant and Sherman met near Richmond, VA and
forced Robert E. Lee to surrender.
Confederate leaders
JEFFERSON DAVIS
PRESIDENT OF
CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA
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West Point Graduate
Mexican War Veteran
6’ tall and very lean
Intense, hated politics
Did not want to be President of Confederacy
Devoted to the “secessionist” cause
Was never able to form a strong, single nation
out of the eleven strongly independent states of
the Confederacy
General robert e. lee
• From oldest, distinguished Virginia
family
• West Point Graduate
• Mexican War Veteran
• Engineer by trade
• Lee captured John Brown at Harper’s
Ferry even though he opposed slavery
and secession
• Lincoln asked him to command Union
forces but he declines because he
was from Virginia and Virginia was a
Confederate State. He would not fight
against him home state.
• Became a Commander in
Confederate Army
General pierre gustave
toutant beauregard
• West Point Graduate
• Mexican War Veteran
• Engineer by trade
IMPORTANCE IN HISTORY…
Gave the order to fire on Fort Sumter,
the first shot of the Civil War
General albert s. johnston
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A Texan
West Point graduate
Mexican War Veteran
Trade: Farmer
2nd Highest Ranking Confederate Officer
Lee gave him command of western part
of Confederacy and ordered him to prevent
Union from taking control of Mississippi River
BATTLE OF SHILOH
• Shot in leg but kept on fighting. Later died from injury.
• Union was able to take Mississippi River away from South.
• Robert E. Lee… ”I have lost my left arm!!!”
GENERAL THOMAS
“STONEWALL” JACKSON
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West Point graduate
Mexican War Veteran
Commander of
1st major battle of war
… the BATTLE OF BULL RUN
BATTLE OF CHANCELLORSVILLE
• Mortally wounded by his OWN men
• General Robert E. Lee is devasted…
“I have lost my right arm!”
General j.e.b. stuart
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West Point graduate
Mexican War Veteran
Career Military Man
Helped capture John Brown at
Harper’s Ferry
• Known as “Eyes of the Army”
for skills in scouting and spying
• Mortally wounded in Battles of
the Wilderness.
• Lee surrenders not long after
his death.
GENERAL
NATHAN BEDFORD FORREST
• Uneducated but not illiterate
• Farmer, horse and cattle trader
and realtor
• One of America’s greatest “tactical
minds”
• Rose from Private to General due
to … “Military Genius”
• Raided Union lines of
communication and led surprise
attacks
• Grant and Sherman feared him
• Military school today teach classes
on his tactical skills
General george pickett
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West Point Graduate
Mexican War Veteran
Insurance Salesman
Commanded foot soldier
infantry for Lee
BATTLE OF GETTYSBURG
• Ordered by Lee to charge
across an open field
• Decision was one of Lee’s few
military mistakes
• Pickett lost many men and
refused to speak to Lee after
war
GENERAL GEORGE
ARMSTRONG CUSTER
• West Point graduate, 1861
• Active and daring cavalry officer
during the Civil War
• He distinguished himself at the Battle
of Gettysburg in July of 1863.
• His actions were particularly
noteworthy in the battles immediately
preceding the surrender of Lee at
Appomattox Courthouse.
The End of
the War…
USA, Virginia,
Appomattox Courthouse,
Bugle Used to Sound the
Assembly Ending the Civil
War,
April 9, 1865
The Confederacy was not ever able
to recover from the losses at
Gettysburg. Difficulties continued
until they finally lost the war.
Surrender at
Appomattox Courthouse
HEADQUARTERS,
ARMY OF NORTHERN VIRGINIA,
April 9th, 1865 LIEUTENANTGENERAL U. S. GRANT
• GENERAL: I received your letter of
this date containing the terms of
the surrender of the Army of
Northern Virginia as proposed by
you. As they are substantially the
same as those expressed in your
letter of the 8th inst., they are
accepted. I will proceed to
designate the proper officers to
carry the stipulations into effect.
R. E. LEE,
General
American Flag in the Civil War
• During the Civil War, stars were NOT removed
from the United States Flag, as Confederate
States seceded from the Union. The Federal
Government did not recognize the legality of
the secession, and would not acknowledge it
with a removal of stars from the flag. The
Southern states were not represented in
Congress during these years, but their stars
remained always on the flag.
The End