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• THE ROMANTIC PERIOD (1820-1900) • • • • Berlioz (1803-1869) One of 1st French romantic composers Daring creator of new orchestral sounds Was sent to Paris to study medicine but quickly changed to music • @ 23 became obsessed with Shakespeare and a Shakespearean actress • His letters to her were wild and impassioned and convinced her he was lunatic and refused him • THE ROMANTIC PERIOD (1820-1900) • Berlioz (1803-1869) • Wrote Symphony Fantastique in 1830 • Semi autobiographical program music of the weird and diabolical • Listening Journal: • Berlioz , Symphony Fantastique • 4th Movement • THE ROMANTIC PERIOD (1820-1900) • • • • Dvorak (1841-1904) Nationalist movement (composer of Czech music) Infused his symphonies and chamber music with Bohemian folk song and dance • Left small hometown outside of Prague to study music at age 16 in Prague. • THE ROMANTIC PERIOD (1820-1900) • Dvorak (1841-1904) • Played in an opera orchestra for years until composition noticed by GERMAN master Brahms • Toured the world and eventually settle in New York City as director of National Conservatory • Continued to write in Czech style encouraged others to write in their own Nationalist style • Listening Journal: • Dvorak , Symphony No. 9 in E Minor • 1st Movement (Czech & American folk influence) • THE ROMANTIC PERIOD (1820-1900) • Brahms (1833-1897) • NeoClassical from Hamburg Germany • Father made a precarious living as a bass player • At 13 studied piano, theory, and composition by day • Played dance music in cafes at night • At 21 concert tour were he meet the Schumann’s who loved his music & hailed him as a musical messiah • THE ROMANTIC PERIOD (1820-1900) • Brahms (1833-1897) • Schumann hooked him up with publisher but soon after Robert had nervous breakdown and was commited • Brahms stayed in Schumann house to help Clara with seven children • Passed over for Hamburg Philharmonic conductor position and moves to Vienna • THE ROMANTIC PERIOD (1820-1900) • Brahms (1833-1897) • In Vienna resurrects forgot Bach , Handel, and Mozart pieces • Lived rest of life very frugally • Died at 64 of cancer • Listening Journal : • Brahms • Symphony No. 3 • 3rd Movement • THE ROMANTIC PERIOD (1820-1900) • Puccini (1858-1924) • One of Romantics best known composers of Opera • Italian born, attended Milan University and studied composition • 1st Opera, shortly after graduation brought commission & annual income from Italy’s leading music publisher • Was concerned with the theatrical aspects of his operas as much or more than the music • THE ROMANTIC PERIOD (1820-1900) • • • • Puccini (1858-1924) Known in the 1890 for VERISMO VERSIMO = realism or true to life operas Died before finishing his last Opera which was completed by a friend • Listening Journal • Puccini, La Boheme (1896) • Opera set in poor Latin Quarter of Paris • Boy meets girl, boy loses girl, boy & girl united as girl dies in boy’s arms of illness • THE ROMANTIC PERIOD (1820-1900) • Wagner (1813-1883) • Preeminent Germany composer of his time • Had own theater built solely for his music performances • Powerful Operas with a Big Sound (horns & Brass) • Born Liepzig, Germany to theatrical family • Wanted to be playwright but at 15 overwhelmed by Beethoven’s music • Studied musical scores and composition but never mastered an instrument • THE ROMANTIC PERIOD (1820-1900) • Wagner 1813-1883) • At Leipzig University dueled, drank, gambled, & ran up debts he never repaid • After school tried luck conducting in Paris but came back to Germany miserable • Successful Operas and conducting back in Germany but continued to run up debts • Wagner’s music genius was allied with selfishness, ruthlessness, Rabid GERMAN nationalism • THE ROMANTIC PERIOD (1820-1900) • Wagner (1813-1883) • Listening Journal : • Wagner Die Walkure Act 1 • (love scene conclusion) • Part of WAGNER’s RING CYCLE • Set of operas based in Noris legend which are his comment of 19th century lust for money & power • Includes LIETMOTIF • music phrase, melody, sound ,ect.. associated with different characters, scenes, ect.. • THE ROMANTIC PERIOD (1820-1900) • Debussy (1862-1918) • French Impressionist who linked the 19th and 20th centuries • From age 10 to 22 studied at Paris Conservatory were he was considered a “talented rebel” • Influenced by trips to Russia and by Asian music performed at the Conservatory • Also struck by ideas and music of Wagner who both attracted and repelled him • THE ROMANTIC PERIOD (1820-1900) • Debussy (1862-1918) • Lead unsettled life composing and teaching piano • Not until 1902 was he recognized as a great French composer • Impressionism in music • stress on tone color, atmosphere, and fluidity and less on structural forms of past. • THE ROMANTIC PERIOD (1820-1900) • Debussy (1862-1918) • LISTENING JOURNAL : • Debussy : Prelude to an afternoon of a faun • Program Music illustrating a poem by Stephane Mallarme • Poem evokes the dreams and fantasies of a pagan forest creature who is half man and half goat. • Ballet has been written to this piece & are now often performed together