Download 100

Cells - structure, function,
membranes, different types
Photosynthesis
Respiration
Cell division - mitosis & meiosis
Molecular genetics transcription, translation, DNA
structure & replication, genetics
Evolution & classification natural selection, speciation,
classification
Cell Division
Molecular
Genetics
Evolution &
Classification
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Cells
Photosynthesis
Respiration
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$200
Double Jeopardy!
Cells
What is a cell?
$100
Cells
Simplest collection of
matter that can live
Back
$100
Cells
What is the difference
between Prokaryotic
and Eukaryotic cells?
$200
Cells
- Prokaryotic
- No true nucleus or other membranebound organelles
- Bacteria & Archaebacteria
- Eukaryotic
- Nucleus & other membrane-bound
organelles are present
- Plants, animals, fungi, protists
Back
$200
Cells
What is chromatin?
$300
Cells
DNA wrapped
around proteins
Back
$300
Cells
What is the role of the
ribosome?
$400
Cells
- Protein synthesis
(aka…translation)
- Made in nucleolus
- Large & small subunit
- Free ribosomes in cytosol
- Bound ribosomes on rough ER
or nucleus
Back
$400
Cells
What is the
cytoskeleton made
of?
$500
Cells
-Microtubules
-Microfilaments
-Intermediate
filaments
Back
$500
Photosythesis
What is
photosynthesis?
$100
Photosynthesis
conversion of light energy to
chemical energy
Back
$100
Photosynthesis
What is the chemical
equation for
photosynthesis?
$200
Photosynthesis
CO2 + H2O + light energy
Back
→CH
6
12O6
+ O2 + H2O
$200
Photosynthesis
What are the colors of
the rainbow? (in
order)
$300
Photosynthesis
ROY G BIV
Back
$300
Photosynthesis
What is the structure of
a chloroplast?
$400
Photosynthesis
Amphipathic: both
polar and non
Back
$400
Photosynthesis
How do plants get out
of ATP debt?
$500
Photosynthesis
Cyclic electron flow
Back
$500
Respiration
Why is respiration
important?
$100
Respiration
Aerobic organisms
need O2 for oxidative
phosphorylation
Back
$100
Respiration
How is breathing
controlled?
$200
Respiration
Medulla oblongata & pons
Back
$200
Respiration
How are gases
exchanged across
selectively permeable
membranes?
$300
Respiration
Simple Diffusion
Back
$300
Respiration
What is the difference
between positive & negative
breathing?
$400
Respiration
- Positive: tongue pushes air down
into lungs – frogs
- Negative: air pulled down into lungs
- us
Back
$400
Respiration
What is the flow of air in
our respiratory system?
$500
Respiration
Nostrils  nasal cavity 
pharynx  larynx 
trachea
Bronchi  bronchioles 
alveoli
Back
$500
Cell Division
Why is cell division
important?
$100
Cell Division
-
Reproduction – unicellular organisms –
binary fission in bacteria
- Growth & development from fertilized
egg
- Repair (& replacement) of damaged
cells
Back
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Cell Division
What are the two
major phases of the
cell cycle?
$200
Cell Division
- Interphase – 90%
- Mitotic phase – 10%
Back
$200
Cell Division
What is the difference
between animal and
plant cytokinesis?
$300
Cell Division
-
Back
Animal – cleavage furrow – cell forms
from outside in
- Plants – cell plate – cell forms from
inside out
$300
Cell Division
What happens in
meiosis I & II?
$400
Cell Division
Meiosis I: separation of
homologous choromosomes
Meiosis II: separation of sister
chromatids
Back
$400
Cell Division
What are ways meiosis
creates genetic
variation?
$500
Cell Division
Independent assortment,
crossing over during
meiosis, & random
fertilization
Back
$500
Molecular Genetics
What is pleiotropy?
$100
Molecular Genetics
One gene with multiple
effects
Back
$100
Molecular Genetics
What are some
dominantly inherited
alleles?
$200
Molecular Genetics
Achondroplasia
(dwarfism) &
Huntington’s disease
Back
$200
Molecular Genetics
How does transcription
differ in bacterial DNA
from eukaryotic DNA?
$300
Molecular Genetics
Bacterial: transcription is
coupled with translation
Eukaryotic: transcription
and translation separate
Back
$300
Molecular Genetics
How can bacterial cells
do genetic
recombination?
$400
Molecular Genetics
Transformation,
transduction,
conjugation,
*transposons
Back
$400
Molecular Genetics
How are metabolic
pathways regulated?
$500
Molecular Genetics
Inhibition of enzyme
activity & inhibition of
transcription
Back
$500
Evolution &
classification
What is artificial
selection?
$100
Evolution &
classification
Selective breeding to
encourage the
occurrence of
desirable traits
Back
$100
Evolution &
classification
What is the evidence
for evolution?
$200
Evolution &
classification
Homologous structures,
comparative embryology,
molecular biology,
biogeography, & fossils
Back
$200
Evolution &
classification
What is a heterozygous
advangtage?
$300
Evolution &
classification
Sickle cell allele and
malaria resistance
Back
$300
Evolution &
classification
How can natural selection
change a population?
$400
Evolution &
classification
Directional selection,
disruptive selection, &
stabilizing selection
Back
$400
Evolution &
classification
What are the 5
requirements for a
population to be in a
Hardy-Weinberg
equilibruim?
$500
Evolution &
classification
Large population, isolated
population, no net
mutations, random mating,
& no natural selection
Back
$500
Double
Jeopardy!!!
Plant
systems
Animal
Systems
Ecology
Labs
Biotechnology
Things We
Didn’t Cover
Plant Systems
Animal
Systems
Ecology
Biotechnology
Labs
Things We
Didn’t Cover
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Final Jeopardy!
Plant Systems
What are the 3 tissues
systems of plants?
$200
Plant Systems
Dermal, ground, &
vascular
Back
$200
Plant Systems
Where do plants grow?
$400
Plants Systems
meristems
Back
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Plant Systems
What are all plant cells
derived from?
$600
Plant Systems
Parenchyma cells
Back
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Plants Systems
What type of plant cells
have uneven & thicker
primary walls?
$800
Plant Systems
Collenchyma
Back
$800
Plants Systems
How are leaves structured?
$1000
Plant Systems
Palisade mesophyll &
spongy mesophyll
Back
$1000
Animal Systems
What is organogenesis?
$200
Animal Systems
Creation of organ
Back
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Animal Systems
What are the 4 extra
embryonic
membranes in the
amniotic egg?
$400
Animal Systems
Amnion, allantois,
chorion, yolk sac
Back
$400
Animal Systems
What are the 3 main
functions of the nervous
system?
$600
Animal Systems
Sensory input,
integration, and
motor output
Back
$600
Animal Systems
Why is Ca+ important for
muscle contraction?
$800
Animal Systems
Exposes myosinbinding site on actin
Back
$800
Animal Systems
What is the charge of a
neuron?
$1000
Animal Systems
-70mv
Back
$1000
Ecology
What is an ecosystem?
$200
Ecology
All the organisms living
within an area & all the
abiotic factors
they interact with
Back
$200
Ecology
What is the difference
between Gross
Primary Productivity &
Net PP?
$400
Ecology
GPP = total primary productivity
NPP = GPP – respiration (energy
used by organisms)
Back
$400
Ecology
What are the 3 levels
of biodiversity?
$600
Ecology
Genetic diversity,
species diversity, &
ecosystem diversity
Back
$600
Ecology
What are things
threatening
biodiversity?
$800
Ecology
Habitat loss, introduced
species, &
overexploitation
Back
$800
Ecology
What’s the difference
between fragmentation, an
edge, and a corridor?
$1000
Ecology
Fragmentation – division of natural
habitat
Edge – boundary between
ecosystems – species rich
Corridor – movement strip that
connects habitats
Back
$1000
Labs
What is the scientific
method?
$200
Labs
A way to solve
problems
Back
$200
Labs
What elements to a
good experimet?
$400
Labs
Hypothesis, IV & DV, control &
experimental group,
constants, controls random
sampling, large sample size,
labeled graphs, repetition
Back
$400
Labs
What instrument was
used to measure
respiration in the
respiration lab?
$600
Labs
Repirometer
Back
$600
Labs
Why are flies good
models for genetics?
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Labs
-
small, lots maintained in small area
- cheap
- large volume of literature (lots known
about them)
- 4 chromosomes = simple genetics
- phenotypes easy to observe
- many offspring from one mating (500+
eggs)
- short generation time
Back
$800
Labs
Why do flies have sex
combs?
$1000
Labs
To stay ahold of
females during sexual
activity
Back
$1000
Biotechnology
How is a gene cut out
of a chromosome?
$200
Biotechnology
Restriction enzymes
Back
$200
Biotechnology
What is PCR & how is it
used?
$400
Biotechnology
Polymerase chain
reaction
Used to amplify DNA
Back
$400
Biotechnology
What is Southern blot
analysis?
$600
Biotechnology
Transfers DNA from gel
to a solid substrate
(nitrocellulose paper)
Back
$600
Biotechnology
What is a DNA
microarray?
$800
Biotechnology
Method used to
measure expression
of thousands of genes
at once
Back
$800
Biotechnology
What is a northern blot & a
western blot?
$1000
Biotechnology
northern – detects RNA
with nucleic acid probe
western – detects protein
with an antibody
Back
$1000
Things We Didn’t
Cover
How long can humans
survive without food
and water?
$200
Things We Didn’t
Cover
Food: a few weeks
Water: about a week
Back
$200
Things We Didn’t
Cover
How long does it take
for bulk feeders to
digest their meals?
$400
Things We Didn’t
Cover
About 2 weeks
Back
$400
Things We Didn’t
Cover
What vitamin is found in
dairy products, egg yolk,
& is present in sunlight?
$600
Things We Didn’t
Cover
Vitamin D
Back
$600
Things We Didn’t
Cover
What vitamin is important in
blood clotting?
$800
Things We Didn’t
Cover
Vitamin K
Back
$800
Things We Didn’t
Cover
What stimulates the release of
digestive enzymes from the
pancreas and bile from the
gallbladder?
$1000
Things We Didn’t
Cover
Cholecystokinin (CCK)
Back
$1000
Final
Jeopardy!!!
Final Jeopardy!!!
How has molecular biology
helped in classifying
organisms?
Final Jeopardy!!!
Molecular biology has
helped through the
phylogenic relationship
between DNA sequencing
and protein sequencing.