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Biochar Properties Microbes & Climate Research report in professional journal Biogeochemistry Centre for Environmental Research, Switzerland Hyphomicrobium Helmholtz bacteria (yellow) grow on solid surfaces & Technical grains. University of Dresden, Germany University of Stockholm, Sweden When bacteria cells die, Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, Germany they deform or fragment Leibniz University, Hanover, Germany until only cell envelopes remain.remnants to soil fertility are underestimated Contributions of bacteria Most plant debris in fertile soil is rapidly processed by microbes (bacteria) click to continue Small fragment shells It was assumed Soil Organic Matter is thus, mostly decomposed plant matter leading to(red) more bacteria and more cell fragments. form This micro-particle matrix in soils. which converts to humic substances results in directly more Soil Organic Matter. click to continue Lab experiments and field tests refute this. Although most organic carbon is produced mainly by plants, Easily degradable plant matter is converted to microbe biomass, a large part is residues of bacteria and fungi. which then provides source material to Soil Organic Matter This underscores the importance of bacteria in all types of soil. 40% of microbe biomass is converted to Soil Organic Matter Further, of microbes are important global Remains dead bacteria are far for greater in climate: soils than previously assumed. Decay of organic matter results in mineralization + CO2 + H2O CO2Organic escapingMatter annually to the atmosphere from decaying Organic Matter Soil is the largest fraction of carbon in theSoil biosphere, is inplays the same range as and annual greenhouse gas emissions. and key roles in of soilscale fertility agricultural yields. Microbes also a key factor to control CO2 concentration in the atmosphere. PHOTO: Burkhard Schmidt-Brücken Thus, progress in climate protection isn’t achievable without first protecting soil. Material Science/TU Dresden Climatic change can be slowed or accelerated, according Institute to soilofmanagement click to continue COLOR: Christian Schurig/ UFZ