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The Twelve Olympians ZEUS / JUPITER Zeus punishes wrongdoers by hurling the thunderbolt SYMBOLS Oak Eagle TITLES Supreme Ruler Lord of the Sky HUMAN CHARACTERISTICS He is neither omniscient nor omnipotent. He can be opposed and deceived. He often falls in love. He uses tricks to deceive his wife and his lovers. He is ambitious and aggressive, and he can be cruel and selfserving. HERA / JUNO SYMBOLS Cow Peacock TITLES Hera is Zeus’ sister and his wife. Queen of the Gods Protector of Marriage HUMAN CHARACTERISTICS She is jealous and vindictive. She punishes Zeus’ love interests and their descendants. Her beauty is only matched by her vanity. POSEIDON / NEPTUNE SYMBOLS Trident Dolphin Poseidon is Zeus’ brother. TITLES Ruler of the Sea Earth Shaker Protector of Trade & Navigation HUMAN CHARACTERISTICS His personality is changeable like the sea. Although he can be moody, he is powerful and relentless. Poseidon gave man the first horse. HADES / PLUTO SYMBOLS Helmet Hades is Zeus’ brother TITLES Ruler of the Underworld Custodian of the Dead God of Wealth and Precious Metals HUMAN CHARACTERISTICS Hades is mysterious and gloomy. Others do not find him fun to be around; therefore, he is often unwelcome. Although he shows no mercy, he is always fair. ATHENA / MINERVA SYMBOLS Owl Olive Tree TITLES Goddess of Wisdom Goddess of Warfare Goddess of the City Patroness of Weaving HUMAN CHARACTERISTICS Her purity and wisdom bring her admiration and respect. She is usually reasonable, but can be fierce and warlike when defending her home and state. She invents the bridle to help man tame the horse. Zeus is her father. She has no mother. Her “birth” consists of her springing from Zeus’ head as a full grown adult dressed in complete armor. APOLLO / APOLLO SYMBOLS Lyre Crow He is the son of Zeus & Leto. Artemis is his twin sister. TITLES Archer God God of Light and Truth Patron of Music, Poetry, and Science HUMAN CHARACTERISTICS He is reasonable and even-tempered. He is also beautiful and athletic. Oftentimes, he serves as a “direct link between gods and men, guiding men to know the divine will, and showing them how to make peace with the gods.” ARTEMIS / DIANA She is Apollo’s twin sister. SYMBOLS Deer TITLES Goddess of the Moon Goddess of the Hunt Protector of Young People and Wild Creatures HUMAN CHARACTERISTICS She is unpredictable and contradictory. She loves to hunt and be in the wild. APHRODITE / VENUS SYMBOLS Dove Swan She is married to Hephaestus. TITLES Goddess of Love Goddess of Beauty HUMAN CHARACTERISTICS Her love of laughter brings joy to many. Her beauty makes her irresistible; however, she is also beguiling and unfaithful. HERMES / MERCURY SYMBOLS Winged Sandals & Hat Caduceus Hermes appears more often than any other god. TITLES Messenger of the Gods God of Commerce and the Market Guide of the Dead Master Thief HUMAN CHARACTERISTICS His movements are graceful and swift. His mind is shrewd and cunning. ARES / MARS SYMBOLS TITLE Vulture God of War Dog HUMAN CHARACTERISTICS The Greeks perceive him as a bully who is both bloodthirsty and cowardly. The Romans see him as invincible and magnificent. HEPHAESTUS / VULCAN SYMBOLS Anvil Hammer TITLES God of Fire Workman of the Gods Patron of Smiths HUMAN CHARACTERISTICS Although he creates weapons of destruction, he is kind and peace-loving. His personality gains him popularity, respect, and honor. He is the only ugly god; he is also lame. However, he is married to Aphrodite who is known for her beauty. HESTIA / VESTA SYMBOLS Hearth TITLES Goddess of the Home Goddess of the Hearth Protector of the Family HUMAN CHARACTERISTICS She is kind and gentle, but has no distinct personality. DIONYSUS god of the grape harvest, winemaking and wine, fertility, revelry, theatre and religious ecstasy Roman name: Bacchus Symbols: grapevine, goat, satyr, Son of Zeus and Semele (a mortal woman). Zeus saved him from Hera by turning him into a goat and hiding him with some nymphs who raised him. Associated with rebirth – His dismemberment by the Titans and return to life is symbolically echoed in tending vinyards, where the vines must be pruned in order to bear fruit in the spring when .
