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Global Media Today
Who Wants to Be a Millionaire has dozens of versions in
other languages.
96 out of the Top 100 all-time-grossing films are from the
United States.
U.S networks can collect $1 million for broadcast rights for
top selling shows.
The U.S. has six of the top ten world wide best known
brands.
Nearly 200 countries receive CNN by satellite.
Not all of the global expression is welcomed by all
countries.
◦ France requires 40% of its music broadcasts be French artists.
◦ Iran bans Western music altogether.
◦ China requires all Internet accounts be registered with the police.
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Before the 1920’s the major colonial powers were
using shortwave radio to connect with their
colonies around the world.
Clandestine Stations: antigovernment radio used
by revolutionary groups, during WWII, and
especially during the Cold War (on both sides).
Today they are either indigenous (operating
within the country) or exogenous (outside the
country).
Pirate Broadcasters: included the British pirates
operating off the coast and with the support of
advertisers trying to get rock-n-roll to audiences
because of lack of BBC support.
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The U.S. as International Broadcaster: WWII
saw the creation of the Voice of America. This
continued with the Cold War, Radio Free
Europe, and Radio Liberty (all funded by the
CIA), and Radio and TV Marti. The VOA today:
◦ Has 100 million listeners.
◦ In 53 Languages.
◦ And 20 million people in 23 developing countries
through surrogate operations.
◦ Basic goals are disseminating Western Propaganda
and health and social information.
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Western Concept
There is no free media system on Earth and
even the most commercially-driven systems
include the expectation of public service and
responsibility.
Great Britain is a good example.
Eventually, Britain was forced, by consumers,
to adopt a more American-like approach to
its media system.
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The Development Concept
◦ Many Third World Nations (example: Honduras).
◦ Government and media work in partnership to
develop the country.
◦ There is less censorship and control (although there
is some) than the Authoritarian form of
government.
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The Revolutionary Concept
A good example is Poland (the Solidarity
Movement)
The goal is to use the media to end the
government monopoly on information,
organize opposition to those in power,
destroy the legitimacy of a government, or
bring down a standing government.
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The Authoritarianism and Communism
Concepts
◦ A good example is China.
◦ Subjugation of the media for the purpose of serving
the government.
◦ China has seen some diversity and
commercialization due to its desire to be part of the
international community.
◦ Only allows 20 American movies a year.
◦ Popular Internet bulletin boards are shut down
when discussion becomes too free.
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Radio and TV programming throughout the world
looks much like that of the United States.
The U.S. is a world leader in international distribution
of broadcast fare.
Very early in broadcast television the U.S. flooded the
world market with programming at very low prices.
In systems based on commercial advertising for
support the value of programming becomes how
many viewers a presentation attracts.
In systems operated by public corporations that get
their funding from non-commercial sources their
purpose tends to be education, social, and political
material.
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The invasion of an indigenous people’s culture by
powerful foreign countries through the mass
media.
Countries should be free to place quotas on
cultural products to protect their local media
industries.
Many countries main goal is to limit the amount
of popular culture into their countries from the
United States.
Have notions such as national sovereignty and
cultural integrity lost their meaning in an age of
global, international conglomerates with
branches throughout the world?
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The world community is coming closer as a
common culture is negotiated and we become
economically interconnected.
The world’s great diversity will ensure that
culture-specific, special-interest fare remains in
demand.
Modern media technology makes the delivery of
this varied content not only possible but
profitable.
Even as geographically based identities blur and
fade new subcultures, based on shared tastes in
music or literature or obscure hobbies, grow.
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The advanced nations of the world, through
their multinational corporations, will control
the international flow of information.
More nations will become heavily dependent
on the West and Japan.
There will be demise of native cultures.
The world’s entertainment and journalism will
be provided by a handful of firms, with a proprofit and pro-global position.