Download Greece

9/17/2015
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Warm Up: Write in complete sentences.
In bullet format, write down anything that you already know about ancient Greece;
geography, religion, politics, wars and people.
Write down any information that you would like to know about ancient Greece, in bullet
form as well.
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Classical Greece
2000 BCE-300 BCE
Chapter 5
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Geography Shapes Greek Life
Geography
Land
Sea
Climate
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Minoans
Crete
Stepping stone
Seafaring Traders
Pottery
Vessels of precious metals
Art and culture
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Mycenaean Civilization
Indo Europeans
Mainland Greeks
Mycenae
Warrior-Kings
Contact with Minoans
Influence Trade
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Troy
The Trojan War
Agamemnon
Paris and Helen
The Trojan Horse
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The Dark Ages of Greece
War torn country-side
Dorians 1150-750BCE
Advancement stand still
Ceased Trade
Lack of written records
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Storytelling Time
Homer
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War torn country-side
Dorians 1150-750BCE
Advancement stand still
Ceased Trade
Lack of written records
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Storytelling Time
Homer
Arete
Myths
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Greek Gods and Goddesses
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Greek Gods and Goddesses
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Greek City-States
Polis-a City-State
50-500 square miles
Usually less than 10,000
Acropolis-discuss city government
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Warm Up: In Complete Sentences
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How much of Greece is cover by mountains?
What did this prevent Greeks from doing?
Who were the mainland Greeks?
How did the Mycenaean’s defeat Troy?
Who was in charge during the “Dark Ages”?
Why was that period of time called the “Dark Ages”?
Who told/wrote epic poems about heroism?
What was the name of at least one of these poems?
Who is the god or goddess of the underworld?
Who is the god or goddess of wisdom?
Governments in the City-State
Political Structures
Monarchy
Ruled by a king
Aristocracy
Ruled by Noble land owning families
Oligarchy
Ruled by a few wealthy/powerful land owners
Tyranny
One tyrant controls it all
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Democracy for all! Well sort of...
Emerging democracy in Athens
Draco-developed legal code, all Athenians were equal under the law
Solon-outlawed debt slavery
Only free adult male property owners were citizens
Women, slaves and foreigners were excluded and had few rights
Men
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One tyrant controls it all
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Democracy for all! Well sort of...
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Emerging democracy in Athens
Draco-developed legal code, all Athenians were equal under the law
Solon-outlawed debt slavery
Only free adult male property owners were citizens
Women, slaves and foreigners were excluded and had few rights
Men
Actively political
Educated
Weak military
Women
Household duties
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I am Sparta!
Sparta come first
Duty, strength, and discipline
Discouraged artistic and intellectual pursuits
Men
Tough, Obedient, and Resourceful
Women
Some military training
Run family estates
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New Kind of Armies Emerge
Dorian Age-only rich could afford the bronze weapons
Iron-ordinary citizens could now arm and defend
Phalanx-most fearsome fighting force
Hoplites-foot soldiers
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Persian Wars
Ionian Greeks Revolt
Athens aides
Battle of Marathon
Pheidippidies
Thermopylae and Xerxes
300 Spartans-dead
Victory at Sea-Persian warships to large
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Results of the Persian War
Delian League-alliance of city-states
Ended threat
Feelings of confidence and freedom
Bye-bye Sparta
Athens becomes the leader of the city-states
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Golden Age of Greece
477 BCE-431 BCE
The Age of Pericles (Golden Age of Greece/Athens)
Pericles
Skillful politician/speaker and general
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Feelings of confidence and freedom
Bye-bye Sparta
Athens becomes the leader of the city-states
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Golden Age of Greece
477 BCE-431 BCE
The Age of Pericles (Golden Age of Greece/Athens)
Pericles
Skillful politician/speaker and general
Held popularity for 32 years
Honest and Fair
Three Goals
Strengthen the Athens democracy
Strengthen the Empire
Glorify Athens
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Warm up: Short Answer
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What is a polis?
What are the four types of political structures in Greece?
What type of political structure did Sparta have?
Who was a citizen in Athens?
Did Athens have a limited democracy or a direct democracy? Explain why.
Describe what a phalanx is.
What were Pericles’ three goals?
Strengthen Democracy
Democracy
Ruled by the people
Citizens vote
Paid salaries for public officials/poorest citizen could vote
Athens was the most democratic in history
Demos: People
Kratos: Power
Three Branches
Assembly-Legislative
Generals-Executive
Magistrates-Judicial
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Greek Model=American Model
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Athenian Empire
Delian League
Push out Persia
Collected taxes
Created the strongest navy in the Mediterranean
More protection for empire
Trade-need more grain and other resources
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Glorification of Athens
Purchased gold, ivory and marble
Artisans/Architects
Parthenon
Phidias
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Collected taxes
Created the strongest navy in the Mediterranean
More protection for empire
Trade-need more grain and other resources
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Glorification of Athens
Purchased gold, ivory and marble
Artisans/Architects
Parthenon
Phidias
Use of columns
Honor Athena
30ft tall Athena (gold and ivory)
Housed Greek Art
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Peloponnesian War
Sparta vs. Athens
Athens is an empire
Spartans view as hostile
Sparta declares war
Strong army vs strong navy
Sparta gains the edge
Plague kills about 1/3 of Athenians (even Pericles)
Athens now crippled
Sicily (Spartan ally) Athens defeated
29 yrs of war
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Times for a Change
Consequences of War
Weakened city-states
Loss of faith
Values??
Philosophers: “Lovers of Wisdom
Universe put together orderly/absolute unchanging laws
Logic and Reason
Socrates, Plato and Aristotle
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Warm Up: Short Answer
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Define cultural diffusion.
Define democracy (Think Greek terms).
What were the three branches of government, and compare them to the United
States branches.
How did Pericles strengthen Athenian democracy?
How did Pericles strengthen the Athenian Empire?
How did Pericles glorify Athens?
Where did Pericles get all of the money for this?
Dawning of Philosophy
Socrates
Question yourself and your moral character
Analytical thinking (question and answer)
“There is only one good, knowledge, and one evil, ignorance.”
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How did Pericles strengthen the Athenian Empire?
How did Pericles glorify Athens?
Where did Pericles get all of the money for this?
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Dawning of Philosophy
Socrates
Question yourself and your moral character
Analytical thinking (question and answer)
“There is only one good, knowledge, and one evil, ignorance.”
Plato
Socrates student
Founded the Academy
Aristotle
Ultimate authority on issues
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A New Empire
Macedonia King seeks more land
Phillip II
Killed by former guardsman
Alexander: Student of Aristotle
Alexander the Great
Antigonus (Greece/Macedon)
Ptolemy (Egypt)
Seleucus (Turkey-India)
Empire Falls
Hellenistic Culture
Blending of Greek, Persian, Egyptian and Indian cultures
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Hellenistic Culture
Trade and Cultural diversity
• Cultural Diffusion
• Common language spoken throughout empire
• Alexandria center of trade and commerce
• Attractions
• Statues
• Royal Palaces
• Alexander's coffin
• Library and museum
• Botanical gardens
• Art galleries
• Zoo
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Science and Technology
Aristarchus-astronomer
• Sun is 300 times larger than the Earth
• Planets revolve around the Sun
• Eratosthenes-director at Alexandria Library
• Estimated circumference of Earth at 28,000-29,000 miles
• Actual 24,860 miles
• Pythagoras-mathematician
• Pythagorean Theorem
• Archimedes-mathematician
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Aristarchus-astronomer
• Sun is 300 times larger than the Earth
• Planets revolve around the Sun
• Eratosthenes-director at Alexandria Library
• Estimated circumference of Earth at 28,000-29,000 miles
• Actual 24,860 miles
• Pythagoras-mathematician
• Pythagorean Theorem
• Archimedes-mathematician
• Accurately estimated Pi
• Law of the lever
• Archimedes Screw
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Philosophy and Art
Stoicism-founded by Greek philosopher Zeno
People should live virtuous lives in harmony with the will of god or the natural
laws that god established to run the universe
• Power, desires and wealth dangerous distractions
• Epicureanism-Epicurus
• Gods have no interest in humans
• Virtuous conduct and absence of pain
• Realism in Sculpture
• Colossus of Rhodes
• Nike
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Warm Up: Complete Sentences
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Who fought in the Peloponnesian Wars?
What happened that greatly weakened Athens?
What is a philosopher?
What is Socrates known for?
Who was Aristotle's student?
What was created thanks to Alexander the Great?
What is the Hellenistic culture a blending of?
Greece Map: Using the maps in your World History Book, locate and label the
following on the map of Greece.
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