Download Chapter 14 The Coming of War - Mr Russell FCHS

Section 1
Dictators of War
 Why did totalitarian states rise after World War I, and
what did they do?
 Post WWI = US, FRA, ENG make all decisions
 Treaty of Versailles
 Italy and Japan expect more land/territories
 Totalitarianism
 Single party or leader controls, economic, social, and
cultural lives of its people. (see chart 437)
 Historians blame destruction and bitterness of WWI and
desperation brought about by Great Depression
 1917 communist Revolution = Vlad Lenin
 1924 Joseph Stalin replaces Lenin
 Stain translates to “Man of Steel” in Russia
 “suspicious, cruel, ruthless, tyrannical”
 Communist Idealism causes 10 MILLION Deaths!!
 State run farms lead to famine
 Imprisoned 1 MILLION political enemies
 Most leading Army officials
 Fear+Propaganda = Stalin Power
 fas·cism
 noun \fa-shi-zəm
 Definition of FASCISM
 often capitalized : a political philosophy, movement, or
regime (as that of the Fascisti) that exalts nation and
often race above the individual and that stands for a
centralized autocratic government headed by a
dictatorial leader, severe economic and social
regimentation, and forcible suppression of opposition
 Totalitarianism in Italy direct result of WWI/treaties
 Italy on winning side
 Doesn’t get land it wanted
 Depression = high unemployment = communist
movement growing
 Benito Mussolini
 Fascism
 Opposes democracy and communism
 Controls Press, military, secret police
 Promises to make Italy great again
 Mussolini/Fascist very involved in youth culture
 Weimar Republic
 German attempt at democratic government post WWI
 Hyperinflation
 Anger of harsh treatment over Treaty of Versailles
 Great Depression makes problems in Germany worse
 Right wing Nationalist Socialist Party rises (NAZI)
 Not socialist or communist
 Promotes German ethnic solidarity
 Bio
 Austrian
 WWI soldier (injured)
 Joins NAZI party
 “Mein Kampf” – “My struggle” book
 Lays out Germany’s problems
 Believes biggest problem = Jews (violently anti-Semitic)
 Presents blueprint for world domination
 National Best Seller
 Nazi party gaining power in 1933
 Weimar Republic recognizes power and appoints
Hitler “Chancellor of Germany”
 Hitler takes advantage of economy, unemployment,
homelessness, and hunger
 1935 Hitler consolidates power
 Makes himself President and Chancellor
 Become singular voice of Germany
 Massive pubic works and military spending get Germany
out of Depression
 Great Depression ends social gains n Japan in 1930’s.
 Military leaders argue Japanese expansion will end
economic woes
 Constitutional Monarchy
 NO Stalin, Mussolini, or Hitler figure emerges
 Invade China
 Japan invades Chins
 Rape of Nanjing
 Weakness of League of Nations
 USA never joins
 Has no authority
 1935 Mussoilini (Italy) invades Ethiopia
 Haile Selassie appeals to League of Nations
 No help
 1933-1936 Hitler rebuild economy
 Enlarges Armed Forces
 Violation of Treaty of Versailles
Lebensraum
Hitler believes that German race needs more “living
space”
Wants to reunify all German speaking peoples
Sends troops to Rhineland
League of Nations does nothing
 1936-1939 Mussolini + Hitler send troops to Spain
 France, England, US stay on sidelines
 Granting concession to potential enemy to keep the
peace.
 France/ Britain use strategy
 Appeasement makes dictators more bold and
aggressive
 WWI is origin of strategy
 US to busy being depressed to care about Euros
 1938 Hitler brings Austria in his Reich
 Austria has no choice but except invite
 Munich Pact
 Britain and France appease Hitler give him Sudetenland
 Avoids war for 11 months
 Why did totalitarian states rise after World War I, and
what did they do?
 Weak democratic governments were not able to ease the
severe economic problems caused by the great
depression, and people turned to stronger types of
governments that promised relief.