Download Culture - Warren County Schools

World War II
EOC
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a. Describe circumstances at home and abroad prior to
U.S. involvement in World War II
b. Identify the significant military and political aspects
of World War II
c. Analyze dimensions of the Holocaust and the Allies’
response to the Holocaust and war crimes
d. Evaluate the social, political, and economic impacts
of World War II on the home front
e. Identify and evaluate the scientific and technological
developments in America during and after World War II
After WWI…
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In the U.S.:
• Economic Problems – Great Depression
• Threat of Communism
• Red Scare
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In Europe:
• Many nations not satisfied w/ “T of V”
• France – treaty wasn’t harsh enough on
Germany
• Italy – was on the winning side of the war,
so hoped to gain territory, but felt ignored
After WWI…
Period of
severe
inflation to
the point
German
currency
had little
to no value
• Germany (suffered the most)
• Economy damaged…reparations
• Gave up land, especially industrial areas
• German people and army humiliated
• Political upheaval
• Est. democratic system of gov’t =
Weimar Republic = rather than
communist/socialist
• Proved to be too weak and unstable
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Dissatisfaction in Europe allowed for
certain leaders – totalitarian – to emerge
in some countries
Totalitarian Governments:
1. Control every aspect of life
2. Use terror to suppress individual rights and
to silence opposition
Joseph Stalin -USSR
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2 GOALS •
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VIDEO
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Increase food
Industrialization
COMMUNISM
Used violence, i.e. “The
Great Purge”
Developed the military to
prepare the nation for war
Banned labor laws and
opposing political parties,
and censored the press
Communism
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VIDEO
Fascism in Italy under Benito
Mussolini
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Felt Italy was “shortchanged” after WWI – felt
Italy was ignored in peace settlements even
though they were on the winning side of the war
This led to the organization of the
Fascist party in Italy.
Fascism –extreme nationalism where state
comes first and individual 2nd
Benito Mussolini II DUCE
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Public speaking to promote
agenda
Blackshirt squad
Banned labor laws and opposing
political parties, and censored the
press
Il Duce” = “the leader”
Relied on gangs of thugs to terrorize
and suppress opposition
5 Actions of Mussolini
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Suspended elections
Outlawed all other political parties, besides
Fascism
Established a dictatorship
1935 – invaded Ethiopia
Alliance with Germany/Hitler, establishing the
Axis powers
Axis Powers
Italy
Germany
Adolf Hitler
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Rise to power in early 1930
Nazi Party = National Socialist German
Workers’ Party
NAZISM – form of fascism where
German people were superior to
others
Purify Germany by removing other
races, especially Jews
Fascism in Germany under Adolf
Hitler
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Felt Germany was “shortchanged” after WWI,
especially the war reparations
Wrote Mein Kampf = “My Struggle”
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Video
Mein Kampf
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Outlined the Nazi philosophy
Identified Germany’s problems, which included:
1.
2.
3.
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Germany had been weakened by certain groups,
especially the Jewish population
high debt because of war reparations
High unemployment and inflation
Hitler’s plans for Germany
1.
2.
3.
Strengthen the military
Expand its borders to include Germans living in
other nations
Purifying the Aryan race (blond, blue-eyed) by,
basically removing all others
5 Actions of Hitler
1.
2.
3.
4.
March 1936 – invaded the Rhineland (western
Germany along the borders of France and
Belgium
1936 – Alliance with Italy/Mussolini,
Map
establishing the Axis powers
March 1938 – annexed Austria
A few months later 1938 – demanded the
Sudetenland (eastern Czechoslovakia)
Hideki Tojo
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Militarism in JAPAN
1930’s –growing
towards nationalism
1941 TOJO – Prime
minister
Munich Conference
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Representatives from England, France, Germany,
and Italy met in Munich, Germany to avoid war
Britain and France followed appeasement, so
they let Hitler have the Sudetenland, assuming he
would not continue to annex/take/invade lands
March 1939 – Hitler annexed the rest of
Map
Czechoslovakia
Britain and France warned him of war if he
continued
German Non-Aggression Pact with
the Soviet Union
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August 1939 – Hitler signed a treaty (non-aggression pact)
with the Soviet Union so he wouldn’t have a threat from
the east
Map
Publicly, the agreement said that neither country would
attack the other.
The pact was meant to last ten years. It only lasted for
two.
If the Germans invaded Poland, the USSR would not be
allowed to intervene.
Therefore, if Germany declared war against Western
Europe, the Soviets would not be allowed to enter the
war.