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JUDAISM How It Began -It is said that God (Yahweh) made a covenant (agreement) with Abraham -The covenant stated that if Abraham were to do God’s will, then his descendents would be Yahweh’s chosen people -The Exodus story (Moses) becomes one of the first and most widely known story of Jewish persecution -Since the founding of Judaism, the religion has been of the most widely scrutinized and most widely persecuted What is Judaism -Judaism serves as the backbone for other religions such as Islam and Christianity -Jews strictly adhere to a belief in the Exodus story, the Ten Commandments and the writings of the Torah -Jews believe Moses was the chief prophet -Jews believe that Jesus was a prophet -The Jewish Messiah is still to come -Jews do not place an extraordinary emphasis on conversion/recruitment Who/What do Jews Look To? -Jews depend on the Torah, the first five books of the Old (Hebrew Bible) Testament for spiritual guidance -Over 1/3 of all Jews live in Israel today -Jerusalem is considered the holiest of cities, Christians and Muslims share devotion to this city -Shabbat, a weekly day of rest, strictly forbids work -Yom Kippur, a day of “atonement” or fasting -Passover, a day celebrating Passover, i.e. the Exodus -Hanukkah, celebrates a Jewish battle/victory (oil) Jewish Life -Devout Jews pray three times a day -Jews place an extraordinary emphasis on learning -The synagogue is the center of worship and study -Has been dominated by the Diaspora (scattering) -Jewish men and women must cover their heads during prayer within a synagogue— orthodox Jewish women must in many other public places -Seder, or unleavened bread, is a symbol of the Exodus story