Download Endocrine System

Notepack # 25
December 3, 2014
Aim: How does the endocrine
systems help the body maintain
homeostasis?
DO NOW: Write down 2 words that are
associated with diabetes.
What is the function of the Endocrine
System?
• The function of the Endocrine system is to
send long term messages from one part of the
body to another.
How does the endocrine system send
messages?
• The endocrine system is made up of a series of
organs called glands. (Pancreas, Thyroid,
Adrenal Glands, Testes, Ovaries and the
Pituitary gland)
• The endocrine system uses special proteins
called hormones to communicate with the rest
of the body.
• Because hormones are protein, they are shape
specific. Each different hormone have a
specific job.
How does the endocrine system send
messages? cont
• Step 1
• A gland secretes a hormone into the blood
• The Endocrine System doesn’t have its own
transport system. Instead it uses the
circulatory system to transport the hormones.
How does the endocrine system send
messages? cont
• Step 2
• The hormone travels throughout the body
looking for a receptor site that matches it
shape.
How does the endocrine system send
messages? cont
• Step 3
• Once at the right cell, the hormone tells the
cell to do something or make something.
How does the endocrine system send
messages? cont
• Step 4
• When there is too much of the cellular
product, a molecule goes back to the gland
and stops it from secreting the hormone.
How does the endocrine system send
messages? cont
• Step 5
• Then turning on and turning off of a gland is
called a feedback loop or mechanism.
Example:
It’s hot
Solution: Turn heat off
Put on AC
Temperature lowers
Temperature Rises
It’s cold
Solution: Turn heat on
Shut AC off
hormones
Receptor cells
Too High
EquilibriumHomeostasis
Too low
Puberty
• Puberty is the transformation from nonreproductive child to a reproductively able
adult.
• The changes that occur in the body are the
results of hormones instructing body parts to
produce new things or function new ways.
• These changes are long term and happen
gradually.
• Example
– Breast development in females change in shape as
well a function during puberty.
– Testes in males begin to produce sperm.
Disorders of the Endocrine System
• Sometimes a gland may be defective resulting
in low production or absence of hormone
production.
• This lack of hormones can disrupt the body’s
ability to perform homeostasis.
• Example: Diabetes
• Diabetes is when the body cannot regulate
blood sugar because it cannot make insulin.
• Insulin is made by the pancreas.
Normal
Insulin –
Lower Blood Sugar
Insulin –
Lower Blood Sugar
Too High
EquilibriumHomeostasis
Too low
Glycogen –
Raises Blood Sugar
Glycogen –
Raises Blood Sugar
No Insulin
Too High
Too low
You get a stroke
and die!!!
Why do hormones affect only target
cells?
A target cell responds to a hormone because it has
receptors that fit the specific hormone.
A non-target cell does not have receptors for the
hormone, so it does not respond.
How do each system work?
–Endocrine System
• Gland secrete hormones as a result of a free back loop.
• When something in the is considered too high, a gland will
secrete a specific hormone into the blood to lower what ever
the thing is that is high.
• The hormones travel through the body until it finds the cells
that have the right shape (receptor cells) so that the hormone
can fit with it (turning it off).
• When that something becomes too low, a gland will secrete a
different but specific hormone into the blood to raise what
ever the thing is that is low.
• The hormones travel through the body until it finds the cells
that have the right shape (receptor cells) so that the hormone
can fit with it (turning it on).
• If the something gets too high again then the cycle will happen
again.
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8fh2Hmdx
QjQ
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YI2qYRWz
SZ4&feature=fvwrel