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Types of Energy
TYPES OF ENERGY
ELECTRICAL ENERGY
LIGHT ENERGY
SOUND ENERGY
THERMAL ENERGY
CHEMICAL ENERGY
NUCLEAR ENERGY
MECHANICAL ENERGY
Each can be KINETIC ENERGY
Each can be POTENTIAL
ENERGY
ELECTRICAL ENERGY
This is the energy of moving
electrons. It is a very useful
form of energy, because it can
be converted or changed into
other forms. Wherever there
is current flowing, there is
ELECTRICAL ENERGY.
LIGHT ENERGY
Anything LUMINOUS gives off
LIGHT ENERGY. Some you can’t
see from the EMS. The energy
produced by the vibration of
electrically charged particles.
Things like the Sun, light-bulbs
and candles give off light.
SOUND ENERGY
Anything noisy (like you!) gives
off SOUND ENERGY by
vibrations. Eg. Vocal chords,
speakers and musical
instruments.
THERMAL (HEAT) ENERGY
Everything has some heat energy
– even blocks of ice! The
hotter something is, the more
THERMAL ENERGY it has. (the
kinetic energy
of moving
particles.)
CHEMICAL ENERGY
When chemical bonds are broken
they can release energy. The
energy stored in these chemical
bonds is called CHEMICAL
ENERGY eg.food, fuels and
batteries.
NUCLEAR ENERGY
Energy is stored in the
nucleus of atoms. When the
nuclei are joined together or
split apart, NUCLEAR
ENERGY is released. Eg.
Sun, nuclear power plants.
Nuclear fusion
When atomic
nuclei join
together (fuse)
it releases
massive
amounts of
energy.
Fusion happens in the sun and
other stars
MECHANICAL ENERGY
The total of both the
potential and kinetic energy
of an object is mechanical
energy.
GRAVITATIONAL
POTENTIAL ENERGY
Anything that is above the
ground has POTENTIAL
ENERGY. This means that
anything that can fall has
GRAVITATIONAL
POTENTIAL ENERGY.
Changes in gravitational potential energy
For an object in Earth’s gravitational field:
If an object falls
will it gain or lose
gravitational
potential energy?
If an object moves
up will it gain or
lose gravitational
potential energy?
ELASTIC ENERGY
Anything stretched
has ELASTIC
POTENTIAL
ENERGY eg.
Rubber bands,
springs, knicker
elastic.
Calculating PE
• GPE = mass * 9.8 m/sec² =
•
height
• PE = weight
•
height
KINETIC ENERGY
• The energy of motion…anything that
moves possess kinetic energy.
What factors will increase the
amount of kinetic energy a moving
object has?
The velocity of the object
The shape of the object
The mass of the object
The height of the object
Calculating Kinetic Energy
Kinetic energy depends on mass and speed.
KE = mv²
2
What is the kinetic energy of a 20kg
rock moving at speed of 10 k/sec?
20 * 100 = 2000 = 1000kg k/sec
2
2
What type of energy is stored in a
coiled spring?
A.Sound
B. Kinetic
C. Elastic

D.Gravitational
What type of energy is stored in
baked beans?
A. Sound
B. Gravitational
C. Chemical
D. Elastic

What type of energy is stored in
coal, oil and natural gas?
A. Light
B. Heat
C. Sound
D. Chemical

Energy Conversions
• Change of energy from one form to another.
Conservation of Energy
• Energy cannot be created or destroyed.
• Friction a force that opposes the motion
between 2 surfaces.