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ENERGY Energy Forms, Conversion, Conservation and Resources Energy and Matter MATTER Takes up space, has volume Smallest unit = ATOM, building blocks of all matter ENERGY The ability to do work or cause change Many forms One form can be converted to another Energy forms in our bodies: chemical, thermal, electrical and mechanical energy States of Matter Atoms are in constant motion The rate at which the atoms in a substance move determines its state Solids Fixed volume and shape Vibrate in place Liquids Atoms are fluid Fixed volume only Takes the shape of container Gases Atoms are fluid & FAR APART (no attraction to each other) Fill the volume and shape of the container Move RAPIDLY PLASMA a gas composed of electrically charged particles BOSE-EINSTEIN CONDENSATE atoms crowded close together in ultra-low temperatures that behave as if they were one fluid-like superatom To cause a substance to change state, THERMAL ENERGY must be added or removed ENERGY: the ability to do work. Energy is known by the changes it causes. WORK: the transfer of energy. Measured in Joules ENERGY: the ability to do work. Energy can be classified into 2 main types: KINETIC and POTENTIAL ENERGY: the ability to do work. Kinetic Energy = the energy of motion. KE = 1/2mv2 Depends on an objects MASS and SPEED. ENERGY: the ability to do work. Potential Energy = stored energy due to position or shape. Depends on an objects MASS and POSITION. ENERGY: the ability to do work. Gravitational Potential Energy = stored energy due to position. PE = mgh Depends on an objects MASS, HEIGHT AND ACCELERATION DUE TO GRAVITY. ENERGY: the ability to do work. Elastic Potential Energy = stored energy due to shape. PE = 1/2k(compression or stretch) Depends on an objects “BOUNCINESS” AND HOW MUCH IT IS COMPRESSED OR STRETCHED. FORMS OF ENERGY Mechanical, Thermal, Chemical, Electrical, Electromagnetic, Nuclear. FORMS OF ENERGY Is all energy staying in the same form in each of these pictures…. ENERGY CONVERSIONS Name some of the energy conversions that are occurring. ENERGY CONVERSIONS Is any energy LOST in these conversions… Law of Conservation of Energy Energy CANNOT be created or destroyed. ENERGY AT THE BEGINNING = ENERGY AT THE END