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TERMINOLOGY The Language of Anatomy • Special terminology is used to prevent misunderstanding • The anatomical position refers to individual standing, facing forward, palms forward. • Exact terms are used for: – – – – Position Direction Regions Structures Orientation & Directional Terms Superior vs. Inferior Above (toward the head) vs. Below (toward the lower body) Anterior vs. Posterior In front vs. behind Medial vs. Lateral Midline vs. toward the outer sides Intermediate Between 2 other structures Orientation & Directional Terms Proximal vs. Distal Closer to a point of attachment compared to farther away from a point of attachment Superficial vs. Deep At or near the surface vs. more internal Anterior Body Landmarks Posterior Body Landmarks Body Planes Sagittal plane separates the left side from the right Frontal (or coronal) plane separates the front from the back Transverse plane separates the top from the bottom Body Planes Body Cavities The ventral cavity contains the thoracic & abdominopelvic cavities, and are separated by the diaphragm. Dorsal cavity contains the cranial and spinal cavities Abdominopelvic Quadrants NINE ABDOMINOPELVIC REGIONS Major Organs of Ventral Body Cavity