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Chapter 12 Cranium Part 2 Skull Classifications • __________________ – Average • __________________ – Long • __________________ – Short Topographical Landmarks • ________________ – Between eyebrows • ________________ – Line connecting outer points of the eyes • _________________ – Depression at bridge of nose Landmarks • __________________ – Area of upper lip and nasal septum • ____________ – Point of lower posterior mandible • ________________ – Tip of chin Ear Landmarks • ________________ – Large flap of ear • _____________ – Small flap anterior to EAM • ________________ – Top of ear where glasses sit Eye Landmarks • ______________ – Points of outer and inner eye • __________________ – Superior ridge of eye • ___________________ – Inferior ridge of eye Skull Lines • __________________ – Glabella to EAM • _______________ – Outer canthus to EAM • ________________ – Infraorbital margin to EAM Skull Lines • ___________________ – Acanthion to EAM • ___________________ – Closed lips to EAM • ___________________ – Mental point to EAM Watch out in skull imaging • Watch positioning lines – ____________ – ____________ • Pt condition • _______________!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! Imaging the Cranium Routine • • • • • • PA Caldwell AP Towne Rt/Lt Lateral Submentovertex (SMV) 70-80-kVp 40”SID PA Caldwell • Pt Prone • ____________________ – No Rotation or Tilt • _____________angle • CR to exit ______________ PA Caldwell • _____________should be in lower _______________ • Lateral _____________equidistance from lateral ____________ AP Towne • Pt Supine • _________________________ • _________angle for OML. _____for IOML • CR to enter EAM line. ________________ AP Towne • ________________equidistance to lateral skull margin. • ________________in foramen magnum Rt/Lt Lateral • Pt in ________________with head turned in lateral • ___________________ • ______________ perpendicular to front edge of cassette • CR directed ______________to EAM Lateral • Rotation – ________________of bilateral structures – EAM – ________________ • Tilt – __________________ – EAM – __________________ – Sphenoid Lesser Wings Submentovertex (SMV) • Various ways to get position • ________________to cassette • CR ________________midway between ____________ exits vertex Sella Turcica Routine • • • • AP Towne Rt Lateral 70-80 kVp 40”SID Sella • • • • AP Towne ____________to IR ____________ CR ____superciliary arch • Tighter collimation • Lateral • Regular lateral position • CR _________________ to EAM • Tight collimation
