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CRANIAL NERVES - LECTURE B
NBIO 401 – Friday, October 8, 2009
1
Abducens
nucleus
Abducens
nerve
2
Genu of
the Facial
nerve
Abducens
nucleus
Facial
nucleus
Facial
nerve
3
Facial nerve fibers
(looping around the abducens nucleus)
Facial motor nucleus
Abducens Nucleus
(eye muscle motoneurons)
Facial motor nucleus
(muscles of
facial expression)
4
Abducens
nucleus
Solitary nucleus
(outside)
Superior salivatory nucleus
Facial
intermediate
nerve
Spinal trigeminal
nucleus
Solitary tract
(inside)
Facial intermediate nerve
part of facial nerve carrying:
Motor
1)
motor output from the
superior salivatory nucleus
to some salivary glands (GVE)
Sensory
1) taste information from
the anterior 2/3 of the tongue to
solitary nucleus via the solitary
tract (SVA)
2) touch information from a
small patch of skin on the ear and
behind the ear to spinal trigeminal
nucleus (GSA)
5
Superior cerebellar peduncle
Spinocerebellar fibers
(on route to the cerebellum)
Inferior cerebellar peduncle
Middle cerebellar peduncle
Superior cochlear nucleus
Vestibulocochlear Nerve VIII
Cochlear component
(carries auditory signals from the
cochlea to the cochlear nucleus)
6
Inferior
vestibular
nucleus
Medial
vestibular
nucleus
Inferior
Cerebellar
peduncle
Vestibulocochlear Nerve VIII
vestibular component
(carries vestibular signals from the
vestibular labyrinth to the vestibular nuclei)
7
Superior Cochlear
nucleus
Vestibulocochlear
Nerve VIII
Vestibular nuclei
8
Vestibular
nuclei
Spinal trigeminal
nucleus & tract
Hypoglossal
Nucleus
MLF
Solitary tract
& nucleus
Inferior cerebellar
peduncle
(spinocerebellar
fibers to cerebellum)
Cochlear Nucleus
(auditory information)
Spinothalamic
Tract
Medial
lemniscus
Inferior
olive
nucleus
Pyramidal
Tract
Abducens
nerve
(to eye muscle)
Pontine
Gray matter
(relay signals to cerebellum)
9
Inferior salivatory nucleus
Solitary nucleus & tract
Spinal trigeminal Nucleus
Nucleus Ambiguus
(motoneurons for
larynx & pharynx
muscles)
Glossopharyngeal nerve IX
carries:
Motor
1)
signals to the pharynx
from nucleus ambiguus
2)
motor output from the inferior
salivatory nucleus to some salivary
glands
Sensory
1) taste information from posterior
1/3 of tongue to the solitary nucleus
via the solitary tract.
2)
touch information from the posterior
1/3 of the tongue, pharynx, some skin
around the ear, internal surface of ear drum
to the spinal trigeminal tract
3)
Pressure signals from the carotid
artery
10
Dorsal
motor nucleus
of the Vagus
Solitary
nucleus & tract
Nucleus
ambiguus
Spinal
trigeminal
nucleus
Roots of the vagus nerve X carries:
Motor
1)
motor signals to larynx & pharynx muscles from motoneurons in nucleus ambiguus.
2)
parasympathetic output to the larynx & pharynx & to organs of the chest & abdomen from the dorsal
motor nucleus of the vagus
Sensory
1)
touch signals from pharynx, external ear canal, external side of the ear drum, & skin of the ear
to the spinal trigeminal nucleus.
2) taste information from the epiglottus to the solitary nucleus
3) sensory signals from the larynx, trachea, esophagus, chest & abdomen viscera, & pressure & chemoreceptors
in the aorta to the caudal part of the solitary nucleus.
11
Nucleus Ambiguus
Lateral
(motoneurons for larynx
cuneate
& pharynx muscles)
nucleus
Vestibular Hypoglossal
nuclei
Nucleus
(tongue
motoneurons)
Solitary tract
& nucleus
DMX
MLF
Spinal trigeminal
nucleus & tract
Spinocerebellar
Tract
Spinothalamic
Tract
Vagus Nerve Rootlet
(motor commands
to viscera in body)
Medial lemniscus
(touch information
from body)
Hypoglossal nerve
(motor commands to tongue)
Pyramids
Inferior olive nucleus
(big input to cerebellum)
12
Spinal
accessory
nerve
Spinal
accessory
roots
Spinal accessory nucleus
(motoneurons for
sternocleidomastoid
& trapezius muscles)
13
Gracile fasciculus
Gracile Nucleus
Cuneate nucleus Cuneate fasciculus
Spinal
trigeminal
nucleus & tract
Spinal Accessory
Nucleus
MLF
Pyramidal Decussation
Pyramidal tract
Spinothalamic
Tract
14
Vestibular
nuclei
Solitary
nucleus
& tract
Dorsal motor nuclei
of the vagus
External cuneate
nucleus
Spinal trigeminal
nucleus & tract
Nucleus
ambiguus
Hypoglossal nuclei
(motoneuron for
tongue muscles)
Inferior olive
Hypoglossal
nerve
Pyramidal
tract
15
Vestibular
nuclei
Lateral cuneate
nucleus
Hypoglossal
Nucleus
Solitary tract
& nucleus
Spinal trigeminal
nucleus & tract
DMX
IVth
ventricle
Inferior olive
Pyramidal tract
Medial lemniscus
16
Somatic Motor Nuclei
Oculomotor
nucleus
Hypoglossal
nucleus
Oculomotor
nerve
Trochlear
nerve
Hypoglossal
nerve
Trochlear
nucleus
Abducens
nerve
Abducens
nucleus
17
Special visceral (Branchial) Motor Nuclei
Trigeminal
motor nucleus
Trigeminal
nerve
Facial
motor nerve
Facial
motor nucleus
Nucleus ambiguus
axons bound for
glossopharyngeal
& vagus nerves
Nucleus
ambiguus
18
General Visceral Motor Nuclei
Dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus
Axons from the dorsal motor nucleus
of the vagus bound for the vagus nerve
Inferior salivatory nucleus
Superior salivatory nucleus
Axons from the
superior salivatory nucleus
bound for the facial nerve
Axons from the inferior
salivatory nucleus bound
for the glossopharyngeal nerve
Edinger-Westphal
nucleus
Edinger-Westphal
fibers bound for
the oculomotor nerve
19
Somatic Sensory Nuclei
Main sensory
trigeminal nucleus
Mesencephalic Mesencephalic
trigeminal tracttrigeminal nucleus
Trigeminal nerve
(touch, conscious& unconscious
proprioception, pain & temperature
from the head to main sensory
trigeminal nucleus, mesencephalic
trigeminal nucleus & spinal
trigeminal nucleus)
Spinal
Facial intermediate nerve
Glossopharyngeal
Vagus nerve
Spinal trigeminal
(touch from ear to spinal
Nerve
(touch from ear trigeminal
nerve
trigeminal nucleus)
(touch from ear & pharynx & pharynx to nucleus
to spinal trigeminal)
spinal trigeminal)
20
Visceral Sensory Nuclei
Facial intermediate
Nerve (taste from anterior
2/3 of tongue to solitary
nucleus)
Glossopharyngeal nerve
(taste from posterior 1/3
of tongue to solitary nucleus)
Vagus nerve
(taste from epiglottus to rostral solitary nucleus,
signals from the trachea, esophagus,
chest, abdomen & aorta to
caudal part of solitary nucleus)
SOLITARY
NUCLEUS
Rostral 1/2
(taste)
TONGUE
GENICULATE
GANGLION
VII - FACIAL
(facial
intermediate
nerve)
IX - GLOSSOPHARYNGEAL
ANTERIOR 2/3
PETROSAL
GANGLION
POSTERIOR 1/3
(SVA)
EPIGLOTTIS
X - VAGUS
Caudal 1/2
(autonomic sensory
processing)
(GVA)
NODOSE
GANGLION