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Analogies Analogy * An analogy is a word problem comprised of two different pairs of words * The word problem is set up to reveal one set of words first. This first pair of words is related to each other in some way. Analogy * Then the problem gives you the first word of the second pair, and it asks you to complete the second pair by choosing a second word. * This second word must be related to the first word in the same manner that the first pair of words is related to each other. Relationships Between Words * Synonyms * Words that have the same, or similar meaning * Example: Curt : Brief :: Serene : Peaceful * Antonyms * Words that have opposite meanings * Example: Melancholy : Excited :: Healthy : Sick * Part to whole * The first item is a part, or portion of the second item which represents the whole object * Example: Petal : flower :: Page : Textbook Relationships Between Words * Descriptive * One word describes a characteristic, or property of the other word * Example: Arctic : Frigid :: Desert : Arid * Item to Category * One word is an item, article, or piece that resides within the category found in the other word * Example: Mosquito : Insect :: Milk : Beverage New Relationships Cause/ Effect Relationship One word or term causes , or results in the other Example: Crime : Punishment The effect of committing a crime (cause) is receiving a punishment (effect) Example: Fire : Burn The effect a fire (cause) has is that it burns (effect) things Example: Grief : Tears The effect that grief (cause) has on people is tears (effect) New Relationships Object to Function One word describes the function, use, or purpose of the other word Example - Knife : Cut A knife’s (object) function is to cut things Example - Camera : Photograph A camera’s (object) function is to take photographs Example - Airplane : Fly An airplane’s (object) function is to fly Analogy Practice Spaceship : Explore :: Lifeboat : _______ Relationship: Object to Function Solve: Spaceship : Explore :: Lifeboat : Rescue Snake : Reptile :: Lion : __________ Relationship: Item to Category Solve: Snake : Reptile :: Lion : Mammal Analogy Practice Starvation : Famished :: Perseverance : _________ Relationship: Synonyms Solve: Starvation : Famished :: Perseverance : Determination Soldier : Platoon :: Venus : _____________ Relationship Part to whole Solve: Soldier : Platoon :: Venus : Solar System Analogy Practice Intolerance : Acceptance : Affluent :: __________ Relationship : Antonyms Solve: Intolerance : Acceptance : Affluent :: Poor Earthquake : Tsunami :: Joke : ___________ Relationship: Cause/Effect Solve: Earthquake : Tsunami :: Joke :: Laughter Analogy Practice Vampire : Immortal :: Soldier : ______________ Relationship: Descriptive Solve: Vampire : Immortal :: Solider : Patriotic THE END http://www.spellingcity.com/analogies.html