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Review of Solar System Formation Standard 1a, 1b 2016 What is this? What is this? Nebula Of what is a nebula composed? Of what is a nebula composed? Dust & Gas What are the 2 main gases in a nebula? What are the 2 main gases in a nebula? Hydrogen & Helium What does this picture represent? What does this picture represent? Formation of the solar system When did the solar system begin? When did the solar system begin? 4.6 billion years ago How do we know the solar system began 4.6 billion years ago? How do we know the solar system began 4.6 billion years ago? Age of moon rocks, earth rocks and meteorites What is this picture demonstrating? What is this picture demonstrating? Formation of the solar system What is this? What is this? A crater What caused this crater? What caused this crater? A meteorite impact What evidence is shown here that proves that the moon does not have plate tectonics or erosion? What evidence is shown here that proves that the moon does not have plate tectonics or erosion? All these craters What do moons orbit? What do moons orbit? Planets What do planets orbit? What do planets orbit? The sun What is this? What is this? A comet Of what is a comet made? Of what is a comet made? Ice & dirt What is this? What is this? Asteroids Of what is the asteroid belt composed? Of what is the asteroid belt composed? Rocky leftovers from the formation of the solar system. Mars, is it a terrestrial planet or a jovian planet? Mars, is it a terrestrial planet or a jovian planet? On July, 2012, NASA landed a probe on Mars. Did the probe “Curiosity” land on a rocky crust or a gassy/icy atmosphere? On July, 2012, NASA landed a probe on Mars. Did the probe “Curiosity” land on a rocky crust or a gassy/icy atmosphere? Why are the terrestrial planets rocky and the jovian planets gassy/icy? Why are the terrestrial planets rocky and the jovian planets rocky? At the formation of the solar System, the sun took The atmosphere from the Planets close to the sun. Why are the terrestrial planets hotter than the jovian planets? Why are the terrestrial planets hotter than the jovian planets? Terrestrial planets are Close to the sun so they are Hot. Jovian planets are Far from the sun so they Are cold. Identify the area at the tip of the arrow on Jupiter. Identify the area at the tip of the arrow on Jupiter. STORM What is the age of the solar system? What is the age of the solar system? 4.6 billion year old How do scientists determine the age of the solar system? How do scientists determine the age of the solar system? Use radiometric dating techniques to age the earth rocks, moon rocks, and meteorites If the orbital speed for Venus and Saturn is the same, which would complete an orbit of the sun in less time? Explain If the orbital speed for Venus and Saturn is the same, which would complete an orbit of the sun in less time? Explain Venus would complete its orbit sooner than Saturn because it has a shorter distance. Is this a scale model of the solar system? Explain Is this a scale model of the solar system? Explain No, the planets are too close together. In a scale model of the solar system, which category of planets are closest together? In a scale model of the solar system, which category of planets are closest together? Terrestrial Look at this picture of Mars. Did it have plate tectonics? List your evidence. Look at this picture of Mars. Did it have plate tectonics? List your evidence. Yes, it has volcanoes. What type of volcano is shown below? 0 50 miles What type of volcano is shown below? SHIELD 0 50 miles What is the difference between a comet and an asteroid? What is the difference between a comet and an asteroid? Asteroids are rocky and comets are icy Identify the parts of the comet below. A C B Identify the parts of the comet below. A C B What is the difference between a meteor and a meteorite? What is the difference between a meteor and a meteorite? Meteors are in the atmosphere, meteorites pass through the earth’s atmosphere and reach earth. Peru meteorite crater 2010 Would you expect to find sedimentary rocks on the moon? Would you expect to find sedimentary rocks on the moon? No, no plate tectonics, no erosion Which crater happened first, A or B? Which crater happened first, A or B? Impact B was first because Crater A sits on top of B. What category of planets have rings? What category of planets have rings? Jovian/outer/giant gas planets What is an AU? What is an AU? The distance from the sun to Earth, 150 million km. What is an AU? Convert 0.5 AU into kilometers. Convert 0.5 AU into kilometers. Multiply 0.5 * 150,000,000 km = 75,000,000 km Convert 450 million km into AU. Convert 450 million km into AU. Divide 450 million km by 150 million km = 3 AU Describe two characteristics that the dwarf planet Pluto has in common with the jovian planets. Describe two characteristics that the dwarf planet Pluto has in common with the jovian planets. Pluto is far from the sun, cold, and has a slow orbital velocity. Describe two characteristics that the dwarf planet Pluto has in common with the terrestrial planets. Describe two characteristics that the dwarf planet Pluto has in common with the jovian planets. Describe two characteristics that the dwarf planet Pluto has in common with the terrestrial planets. Pluto is small, has only one moon, relatively dense and does not have an atmosphere. Which is closer to the Earth, the Kuiper Belt or the Oort Cloud? Which is closer to the Earth, the Kuiper Belt or the Oort Cloud? Give a definition for the solar system. Give a definition for the solar system. Everything that orbits the sun 99% of the mass of the solar system is ____________ 99% of the mass of the solar system is the sun The dominant gasses in the sun and a nebula are ________ The dominant gasses in the sun and a nebula are hydrogen & helium What formed this lake? Same thing that formed this crater, a meteorite/comet/asteroid impact What does albedo mean? What does albedo mean? The amount of light reflected from an object’s surface Which type of planets has the greatest albedo? Which type of planets has the greatest albedo? Jovian Which type of planet has the longest days? Which type of planet has the longest days? Terrestrial Planets Which type of planets travel the fastest around the sun? Which type of planets travel the fastest around the sun? Terrestrial Planets.