Download Lesson 4: Object`s Motion in the Sky

Lesson 5: Gravity
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Bill Nye on Planets and Moons
Lesson 5: Gravity
Standard S6E1.e
Explain that gravity is the
force that governs the motion
in the solar system.
Lesson 5: Gravity
Gravity
A pulling force that attracts objects to one
another.
All objects have a gravitational pull on other
objects.
Gravity’s strength depends on 2 factors:
Product of the masses of the objects
Distance between the objects
Drawing for Gravity
Gravitational
Pull
Lesson 5: Gravity
Ex. If mass increases, then the pull of
gravity will increase.
If distance increases, then the pull of
gravity will decrease.
Size Comparison of our Sun & other
Stars: “Star Size Comparison HD”
http://video.search.yahoo.com/video/play;_ylt=A2KLqIR5
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Orbits
In our solar system, planets revolve
around the sun, and moons revolve
around the planets. Their paths are called
orbits.
Earth travels in an orbit around the sun.
The Moon travels in an orbit around the
Earth.
2nd Drawing for Gravity (increase
in distance)
Gravitational
Pull
Which will have a greater
gravitational pull?
Gravitational
Pull
Which will have a greater
gravitational pull?
Distance
Distance
Orbit drawing
Orbitt
Earth
Orbit Shape
*Orbits are not circles.
* Orbits are slightly egg-shaped, which
is called an ellipse, or elliptical orbit.
Orbit shape drawing
Ellipse
Inertia
The tendency of objects to keep doing
what they are already doing. If an object is
already in motion, it will stay in motion at
that same speed and direction unless an
outside force acts on it.
This is called Newton’s first law of motion.
Inertia
Inertia would cause a planet to keep moving in a straight
path, but an outside force must act on it in order for it to
stay in orbit.
•This outside force is gravity.
•The gravitational pull of the sun pulls the planet inward
while the planet’s speed and directions pushes it
outward.
•When these are in balance, the planet remains in a
curved path around the sun.
Inertia drawing
Inertia would keep planet moving in a straight path.
Earth
Gravity keeps the planet in orbit.
Lesson 4
Object’s Motion in the Sky
Lunar Eclipse Tonight
Lunar Eclipse
Get out all notes on the solar
system:
Introduction to the Universe
Motion of Objects in the Night
Sky
Comets, Meteors, Asteroids,
Planets
Lesson 4: Object’s Motion in the
Sky
Standard S6E1.d
Explain the motion of objects
in the day/night sky in terms
of relative position.
Lesson 4: Object’s Motion in the
Sky
•The Earth spins from west to east.
•Therefore, objects in the sky (planets, the
sun, stars) appear to rise in the east and set in
the west.
•Revolution and rotation cause our view of
the night sky to appear to change throughout
the year.
•Certain constellations might appear to
change position in the night sky or look like
they disappear.
Lesson 4: Object’s Motion in the
Sky
1. What 2 words describe the motion of the
Earth?
Rotation & revolution
2 Define rotation. ( spinning)
3. Define revolution. (movement of one
object around another)
4. How long does it take for the Earth to make
one revolution?
365 days
Lesson 4: Object’s Motion in the
Sky
5. How long does it take for the Earth to make
one rotation? 24 hours
6. A day and night is one complete
______rotation___________.
7. A year is one complete
____revolution_________________.
8. The Earth is tilted on a
___axis________________ at an angle of
____23.5*_______.
Lesson 4: Object’s Motion in the
Sky
Standard S6E1.d
Explain the motion of objects
in the day/night sky in terms
of relative position.
Video showing Constellation
Changes in Night Sky
http://video.search.yahoo.com/video/play;_ylt=A2KL
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